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آن لائن لیکچر

آن لائن لیکچر

شاہد اشرف

گزشتہ ایک برس کے دوران میں کووڈ کی وجہ سے آن لائن لیکچر دیتے ہوئے وہ کئی تجربات سے گزرا۔ پہلے پہل وہ اپنے دھیان میں لیکچر دیتا رہا۔ کچھ دنوں بعد اسے کیمرہ آف ہونے کے باوجود سٹوڈنٹس کی موجودگی اور عدم موجودگی کا اندازہ ہونے لگا۔ کبھی کبھی وہ کسی طالب علم کی موجودگی کی تصدیق کے لیے سوال بھی پوچھ لیتا تھا اور اس کا اندازہ درست نکلتا تھا۔ آہستہ آہستہ اسے مکمل ادراک ہونے لگا کہ کیمرہ آف ہونے کے باوجود کون سٹوڈنٹ موجود ہے اور کون لنک جوائن کرنے کے بعد سو گیا ہے ۔ ذہنی رابط برقی رابطے سے زیادہ موثر محسوس ہونے لگا۔ وہ کیمرہ آف ہونے کے باوجود دیکھنے پر قادر ہو گیا۔ کسی سٹوڈنٹ کا تصور کرتے ہی اس چہرے پر ہویدا اداسی ، بیزاری ، انہماک، دلچسپی اور نیم دلی سمیت دیگر کیفیات کا انکشاف ہونے لگتا تھا۔ وہ صرف غور سے آئی ڈی کی طرف دیکھتا اور سٹوڈنٹ کی ذہنی کیفیت ظاہر ہو جاتی۔ وہ مخاطب ہوئے بغیر کسی سٹوڈنٹ کی کیفیت پر رائے دیتا اور پھر متعلقہ سٹوڈنٹ کی حیرت کو انجوائے کرتا تھا۔ وہ دوران تدریس بہت سے تجربات سے گزرا ۔ اس کے دل میں ایک خیال زور پکڑنے لگا ۔ اس نے خیال کو جھٹکنے کی کوشش کی مگر ناکام رہا۔ اسی خیال کے زیرِ اثر ایک دن اس نے تمام سٹوڈنٹس کو کیمرے آن کرنے کا کہا ۔ سٹوڈنٹس اپنے اپنے کیمرے آن کر بیٹھ گئے ۔ وہ سب کو دیکھ سکتا تھا مگر اسی لمحے اسے شدید دھچکا لگا ۔ وہ کسی بھی سٹوڈنٹ کی کیفیت کو پڑھنے سے قاصر تھا ۔

 

 

 

Effect of Compensation, Quality of Work Life on Performance

This study aims to determine the effect of compensation, quality of work life on employee performance at the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, East Java Regional Office I. The study population was 1323 employees. Employees, the number of samples is 200 respondents. The technique of collecting data through a questionnaire. Model testing with structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The test results show that the model (fit) can be seen from the values of GFI, AGFI, TLI, CFI, RMSEA and CMIN / DF respectively 0.902, 0.907, 0.964, 0.968, 0.026 and 1.127 which indicate the model fit criteria. The results showed that: 1) Compensation has a significant effect on Quality of Work Life, 2) Compensation has a significant effect on Performance, 3) Quality of Work Life has a significant effect on Performance, 4) Compensation has no significant effect on Performance through Quality of Work Life for Office employees Region of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, East Java I

Study of Inhibition of Interferon Inducible Genes by Dephosphorylation of E2 Envelope Gene of Hcv Genotype 1A

Hepatitis C is a major health problem affecting more than 200 million individuals in World including Pakistan. Current treatment regimen consisting of interferon alpha and ribavirin does not always succeed to eliminate virus completely from the patient’s body. The mechanism how Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) induces interferon resistance is still indefinable. HCV genotype 1a shows greater hindrance to treatment than genotype 3a. One of the mechanisms by which virus evades the antiviral effect of interferon alpha involves that HCV envelope protein 2 (E2) interacts with Protein Kinase (PKR) which is the interferon-inducible protein kinase and which in turn blocks the activity of its target molecule called eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α). Sequence analysis of Envelope protein reveals it contains a domain homologous to phosphorylation sites of PKR and the translation initiation factor eIF2alpha. This domain is known as protein kinase (PKR) eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) phosphorylation homology domain (PePHD). This domain in HCV genotype 1 strains is reportedly homologous to PKR and its target eIF2α. Thus envelope protein competes for phosphorylation with PKR. By binding to PKR, PePHD inhibits its activity and therefore cause virus to evade antiviral activity of interferon (IFN). In the present study the possible role of phosphorylation in envelope 2 protein for interferon resistance was first investigated in silico and then confirmed invivo. Genes coding for envelope 2 protein were isolated from local HCV isolates and their tertiary structure was predicted. Insilico phosphorylation of tertiary structures revealed that two residues S75 and S277 of envelope 2 gene are surface exposed at cytoplasmic domain and may compete with the phosphorylation of PKR protein. Interferon induced antiviral protein PKR has a role in the HCV treatment as dsRNA activated PKR has the capacity to phosphorylate the serine and threonine of E2 protein and dimerization of viral RNA. E2 gene of HCV genotype 1 has an active role in IFN resistance. E2 protein inhibits and terminates the kinase activity of PKR by blocking it in protein synthesis and cell growth. This brings forward a possible relation of E2 and PKR through a mechanism via which HCV evades the antiviral effect of IFN. A hybrid in-silico and wet laboratory approach of motif prediction, evolutionary and structural analysis has pointed out serine 75 and 277 of the HCV E2 gene as a promising candidate for the serine phosphorylation. It is proposed that Serine phosphorylation of HCV E2 gene has a significant role in interferon resistance. In present study we mutated the two Serineresidues at positions S75 and S277 and their efficacy was checked in respect to interferon resistance. The results of this study suggest that serine residues as predicted have a significant role in interferon resistance, especially S75. It is also suggested that some other factors may be involved along with viral envelope gene 2.
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