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خلاصہ بحث

اسلام میں عبادات انسانی فطرت کے عین مطابق ہیں، ہر بچہ فطرتِ سلیمہ پر پیدا ہوتا ہے اور اس طرح ہر انسان فطرتاً اپنے خالق کے وجود کے اقرار کی طرف مائل ہوتا ہے۔ اسی فطری جذبے کو پروان چڑھانے اور اسی روحانی پہلو کو جلا بخشنے کے لیے عبادات مقرر کی گئی ہیں تاکہ انسان اپنی روحانی پیاس بجھا سکے۔ اسلام نے عبادات مقرر کرتے ہوئے انسانی زندگی کے حالات کو پیشِ نظر رکھا ہے اسی لیے راہبوں کی طرف دنیا سے الگ تھلگ ہو کر عبادت خانوں میں بند ہونے کی اجازت نہیں دی۔ ہر عبادت کی صورت اور طریقِ ادائیگی دوسرے سے مختلف ہے۔اپنی زندگی کو اللہ تعالیٰ کی شریعت اور اس کی مرضی کے مطابق گزارنے کا نام عبادت ہے۔ انسان کے تمام اعمال خواہ وہ دنیوی مفادات کے حصول کے لیے ہی کیے جائیں عبادت بن جاتے ہیں بشرطیکہ ان سے رضائے الٰہی مقصود ہو۔ اس فصل میں عبادات سے متعلقہ آیاتِ استفہام بیان کی گئی ہیں اور جو ان میں پوشیدہ حکمت جس مقصد کے لئے سوال کیے گئے ہیں اس کی وضاحت کی گئی ہے جو کہ درج ذیل ہیں:

عبادت تمام ظاہری اور باطنی اقوال اقوال و اعمال کو شامل ہے جنہیں اللہ تبارک و تعالیٰ پسند فرماتے ہیں اور اللہ تعالی ان سے راضی ہوتے ہیں عبادت ان تمام چیزوں سے بیزاری کا نام ہے جو اللہ تعالی کی رضا اور اللہ تعالی کی پسند کے خلاف ہو اور عبادت کے معنی ہیں کہ اللہ کی رضا کے لئے انتہائی عاجزی اور خشوع کا اظہار کرنا ، اللہ تعالی سے محبت کی یہ نشانی ہیں ہیں کہ انسان وہی چیز پسند کرے جو اللہ تبارک و تعالیٰ نے حکم دیا ہے اور اس چیز سے عداوت و نفرت رکھے جسے اللہ تبارک و تعالی...

منفعت حیوانات کی مختلف نوعیتیں: بائیبل اور قران کی روشنی میں ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

 Almighty Allah does not leave a person free that he does what he wants like animals, but Almighty Allah made some rules for human which must be followed and obeyed by the man. In the same way some rules are declared for eating and give permission for eating halal and forbid haram. Islam upholds the rights of animals to kind treatment and justice the same as it does for human being. Animals should not be abused or taken for granted. Allah has informed us that the animals are communities like human beings and have similar rights. This paper unfolds the truth that how the animals were deprived of their basic rights in the pre Islamic era and how Islam has laid down a complete code of their welfare. It puts forth the various important aspects of animal welfare in contrast with the modern industrial regulations regarding their lives, treatment, feeding, etc. Furthermore, this paper has been strengthened by the number of revelations from Quran and Sunnah and by the regulations from halal and non-halal industrial guidelines. In this article, the paper emphasis on describing the disparities of three divine religions regarding the use of organs, skin of animals, bones and highlight their procedures of making them safe and useable for mankind. This study will lead us to know that which divine religion is more applicable and provides cleanse food to their followers along with having the status of eternity strength among three.

Exploring Students Leadership Perceptions and Practices in a Private Secondary School in Karachi, Pakistan

This study is about exploring student leadership perceptions and practices in a private secondary school in Karachi, Pakistan. The study focuses on student leaders with the purpose to understand their perceptions of leadership as well as to understand non student leaders, who are deprived leadership opportunities. The study is to validate the findings of the student leaders' perceptions and practices of leadership. The study involves secondary student leaders, who are head boy, head girl, captain and prefects in the school. The study also looks at the principal's and the teachers' perceptions of leadership in order to understand the kind of leadership provided and how it influences student leadership practices in the school. The study also highlights the factors that promote or hinder practices of student leadership. The data was collected through qualitative research methods, including semi structured interviews, participant observation, and analysis of school documents, which articulated student leaders' roles and responsibilities. In addition, data was collected from focus group discussion with student leaders and non student leaders. The study found that stakeholders such as student leaders, non student leaders, principal and the teachers perceive leadership to be an individual possession, as something that brings power and possess particular qualities. Their perceptions identify the belief that leadership is the property of an individual, who has power and possesses particular leadership qualities. This belief can greatly influence the prevalent practices of student leadership in the school. The study also found that the practice of student leadership involves organizing and disciplining students in the school. Student leaders were exposed to classroom, as well as co curricular activities in order to develop their leadership skills. However, student leaders do not wield power and do not have voice in decision-making in the school. The study also found the influencing factors, such as school vision, home environment, parent-school partnership, and gender disparities, which can support or hinder practices of student leadership in the school.
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