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ملائوں کا پرپیگنڈہ

ملاؤں کا پراپیگنڈہ

                ولیم جب سے جلال آبادآیا تھاوہ اس معمے سے باہر نہیں نکل رہا تھا کہ ایسی کیا وجہ ہے کہ مسلمانو ں کے بچوں کی تعدادسکولوں میں بہت کم ہے۔پہلے پہل تو اس نے سمجھا کہ شاید سرکا رکی طرف سے کوئی رکاوٹ ہے۔جلال آباد کے تمام سکولوں میں مسلمان طلبا کی تعداد صرف ایک سو پینتیس تھی جن میں صرف اٹھارہ بچے اپر درجے کے تھے۔ولیم کو بہت سوچنے پر بھی اسے اس بات کا جواب نہ مل پایا تو تسیر داس سے پوچھا ،جس پر ایسی حقیقت کا انکشاف ہوا کہ خود ولیم بھی حیران ہو گیا۔تیچن داس کے مطابق خود مسلمان ہی اپنے بچوں کو سکول بھیجنے سے کتراتے ہیں۔اس نے بتایا کہ صرف جلال آباد میں ایسا نہیں ہوتا بلکہ ہر جگہ ہی ایسی کیفیت ہے۔مسلمان حکومت سے خائف رہتاہے۔عدم اعتمادی کی وجہ سے وہ کبھی بھی  اپنی اس ناراضی کو ختم نہیں کرتا اور انتاکم کی آگ جو دل میں جلائے بیٹھا ہے اس میں اپنے بچوں کو بھی جلا کرراکھ کر دینا چاہتا ہے۔ سکھ مسلم فسادات میں ان حالات کا اکثر سامنا رہا۔اپنے بچوں کو بچانے کے لیے مسلمانوں نے ہمیشہ اپنا نقصان کیا ،یا صرف یہ ایک چال تھی جو کارآمد رہی کہ مسلمان کے کان میں بات ڈال دی جاتی  اور پھر اس مسئلے کو اتنی ہوا دی جاتی کہ وہ بھڑک کر شعلہ بن جاتی اور آگ لگ جاتی۔ایسا صرف فسادات کی وجہ سے تھا ناول نگار نے یہ کیفیت  ناول میں کچھ یوں بیان کی ہے :

’’مسلمانوں کے ملاؤں نے انہیں روک رکھا ہے کہ گورنمنٹ کے سکولوں میں نصاریٰ کی تعلیم دی جاتی ہے اور بچوں کو زبردستی عیسائی بنادیا جاتا ہے۔ اس لیے مسلمان اپنے بچوں کو گورنمنٹ سکولوں میں...

فکر اقبال کے تناظر میں تہذیبی تصادم

A thorough critical analysis of human history highlights that the clash of civilizations centered on themes of conflict, war, and struggle. Historical experts use the word encounter to interpret or explain these relations among civilizations. Trade played a vital role in flourishing these ties, however, conflict and encounter have also been a part of almost all the phases or eras of human history. Developing nations have always looked up to the western world as a role model of economic and military progression, but this philosophy has also resulted in the escalation of tensions among these nations. World peace faces daunting challenges and is one of the most talked-about human concerns in the present times. Islam is currently being challenged by the western world in terms of the right interpretation of religious teachings and the true message of the Holy Quran and Sunnah. Islam is still struggling to make its mark in the present world order, particularly after the 9/11 incident which painted Muslims as terrorists and fundamentalists. It is quite evident that the world is divided into factions or groups, where one group is the torchbearer of Islam and religious teachings, while the second group endorses western ideals or secularism. According to Samuel Huntington, it won’t be wrong to say that the next ideological challenge that the world faces after the ultimate demise of the Soviet Union is Islam and the prospective clash between the East and the West in the 21st century will be the most discussed topic. The present-day relationship between the East and the West is based upon rivalry. This conflict is not a new area of research and is centuries old. The only solution to this problem is to promote global peace and harmony and facilitate dialogue among nations. This would help in creating a social system that can center on values, harmony, peace, and love. Also, Iqbal’s philosophy can act as a guiding stone and can help in resolving this crisis. Iqbal’s universal social reconstruction theory highlights how different civilizations can live together and can facilitate constructive dialogue to improve civilizational ties. This article aims to incorporate the teachings of Iqbal, especially the universal social reconstruction theory to propose solutions for inter-civilizational clashes. This article aims to use the teachings of Iqbal as a beacon of light to promote constructive dialogue and peaceful coexistence among the two dominant sides of the world, resultantly leading in much prosperous and peaceful world order. 

Detection of Asymptomatic Patients of Malaria in Kohat District of Pakistan

Background Kohat district is one of the low to medium intensity malaria transmission areas in Pakistan where asymptomatic carriers are likely to form a reservoir of infection. This study was done to explore the possibility of using microscopy, rapid device testing (RDT), low-cost in house real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and End point fluorometry (EPF) for detection of malaria in the asymptomatic immediate family members of patients of malaria (homestead) and in a sample from the general population of Kohat. Objectives 1. To evaluate the feasibility of screening of malaria by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S Small Subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSUrRNA gene) in the diagnosed patients of malaria. 2. To evaluate the usefulness of PCR for SSUrRNA gene of malaria parasite in detection of suspected asymptomatic carriers of malaria. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital Kohat and Molecular Lab of Riphah International University, Islamabad from Jan - Dec 2015. A total of 1000 individuals including 200 microscopy positive patients of malaria, 400 asymptomatic immediate family members (homestead) of the symptomatic patients of malaria and 400 apparently healthy controls were tested by microscopy, RDT and RT-PCR and RT- PCR followed by EPF. Results In the 200 microscopy positive patients of malaria 190 (95%) were positive by RDT and all were positive by RT-PCR. In the 400 individuals from the homestead of patients of malaria six (1.5%) individuals showed malarial parasite on microscopy, RDT failed to pick any individual with malaria and 32 (8%) were positive for malaria on RT-PCR. On fluorometry all of the RT-PCR positive results were positive and the negative results were negative. The difference in the frequency of malaria in the homestead versus general population was very significant (p = 0.0002) and the relative risk of malaria was 4.0 times higher (95% CI: 1.87 to 8.57). Conclusion The chances of detecting asymptomatic carriers of malaria is significantly higher in the homestead of malaria patients than in the general population and for this purpose low cost RT-PCR with End Point Fluorometry can be very useful in the diagnosis of malaria especially with low parasitemia.
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