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ارشاد ڈیروی دی منقبت نگاری

ارشاد ڈیروی دی منقبت نگاری

شاعری وچ حمد، نعت ، منقبت تے مدح تعریف و توصیف لئی ورتے جاندے نیں تے لغوی  اعبار نال ہم معنے نیں ، پر اصطلاحی معنی وکھو وکھ نیں تے ایہناں دی ورتوں ممدوح دے اعتبار پاروں ہوندی اے، جویں جے ممدوح ربی ذات ہووے تاں حمد اے ، جے رسول اللہﷺ دی ذات ہووے تے نعت، جے کر صحاباکرامؓ   ، اہل بیعتؑ تے بزرگانِ دین نیں تے ایہناں لئی منقبت دا شبدورتیا جاوے گا، تے جے کر ہور کوئی مشہور شخصیت ہووے تے اوس لئی مدح شبددی ورتوں کیتی جاوے گئی، ڈاکٹر رفیع الدین اشفاق لکھدے نیں!

’’اصطلاح میں اگر آنحضرتﷺ کے سوا کسی دوسرے بزرگ یا صحابی یا امام کی تعریف کی جائے تو اسے منقبت کہیں گئے‘‘۔

اعجازاللغات جدید ، دے ص ا۶۸۵ اُتے لکھیا اے!

’’مناقب(م، ن، قب) مذکر، منقبت کی جمع اہل بیعت یا صحابہ کی مدح ، تعریف خوانی، منقبت ، تعریف وتوصیف ، صفت وثناء ، اصلاح میں وہ تعریف جو اہل بیعت یا صحابہؓ کی شان میں ہو‘‘

وارث سرہندی اپنی لغت اندر لکھدے نیں!

’’منقبت:(۱)کوئی چیز جس پر انسان فخر کرے یا جو اسے ممتاز بنائے ۔‘‘

(۲)تعریف، توصیف ، ثناء خصوصاً اہلِ بیعت اور صحابہ کی ۔

منقبت، صفت ، تعریف نظم وچ ۔

وکھو کھ زباناں وچ منقبت ،لئی ایہہ شبدور تے جاندے نیں!

’’پشتو، پنجابی تے کشمیری وچ ’’صفت‘‘، سندھی ’’منقبت‘‘ ، بلوچی وچ ’’سپت‘‘۔

منقبت دا سرنانواں صرف اوہ وڈیاں دینی ہستیاں ای بن سکدیاں نیں ، جہناں وچ ایہہ دو خوبیاں موجود ہوون!

۱۔ اوہ قوم دی  پیشوائی دا فرض ادا کرسکدے...

Relationship of Customer Relationship Learning to Service Quality of Regional Development Banks

This study aims to analyze the relationship between customer relationship learning and service quality at Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Plc, Surabaya Region. This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive research approach. The population was 1,329 savings customers in 10 locations of the Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Plc network in the Surabaya region, representing the eastern, western, northern and southern regions of Surabaya with 307 respondents. The results showed that customer relationship learning had an effect on the quality of PT Bank Pembangunan's service. The area of East Java Plc in the Surabaya area, this shows that with a customer relationship learning strategy, it will be able to increase service quality. Service quality is the totality of the characteristics of goods and services that demonstrate its ability to satisfy customer needs.

Effect of Explicit Deposit Insurance on Moral Hazard of Banks Risk-Taking: in Cross Section of Supervision

The adoption of explicit deposit insurance increases the moral hazard of bank’s risktaking triggered by the reduction in depositors’ discipline. In the light of economic and contract theories, the main objectives of this study are; to analyze whether the implementation of risk-adjusted deposit insurance premium shrinks the bank’s risktaking, to examine that the allocation of appropriate supervisory powers and suitable supervision structure to a banking supervisor reduces the bank’s risk-taking, to scrutinize whether to allocate the additional supervisory power to a deposit insurer in the presence of banking supervisor which more likely to decreases the moral hazard of bank’s risk-taking. This study comprises the secondary data of publically traded deposit-taking banks of 125 countries from 2002 to 2014 period. In this scenario, the bank-level data is collected from the Bankscope database while country-level data is collected from the surveys of World Bank and global financial development database. This study uses the Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) technique which takes into account the nested effect of the dataset. The findings reveal that enactment of risk-adjusted deposit insurance premium decreases the moral hazard of bank’s risk-taking initiated by the adoption of explicit deposit insurance. Though, this effect is higher for the small banks as compared to large banks. Furthermore, the allocation of greater supervisory powers to a banking supervisor, reduces the moral hazard of bank’s risk-taking in non-crisis affected countries and uplifts the financial health of banks in both crisis and non-crisis affected countries. Moreover, a central bank with greater supervisory powers, appears to mitigate the moral hazard of bank’s risk-taking adopted by explicit deposit insurance. Whereas, the allocation of low supervisory powers to a central bank has a little or no impact on the bank’s risk-taking. The allocation of supervisory powers to a deposit insurer decreases the moral hazard of bank’s risk-taking and enriches the bank’s soundness in non-crisis effected countries. Furthermore, the allocation of additional supervisory powers to a deposit insurer, appears as the additional force to mitigate the moral hazard of bank’s risk-taking in the presence of a banking supervisor. However, this effect is more significant in non-crisisaffected countries. Therefore, the regulatory institutes can reform their strategies and surveillance policies under the verdicts of this study, as it intensifies the depositors and investors’ confidence in the banking system around the globe.
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