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پھیرا پاویں جے ہک چاواں دا
پھیرا پاویں جے ہک چاواں دا
مل پے جائے میریاں ہاواں دا
لوکاں پردے اچے کر لئے نیں
ہن دا نہیں لگدا کاواں دا
ہووے پتر ادب تھیں جے نیواں
ٹھر جاندا کالجہ ماواں دا
جیہڑی پاوے تے لٹکاوے وی
مزا اوندا فیر اداواں دا
فر سونڈی حملہ کر دیندی
پھل کھڑدا جدوں کپاہواں دا
کر ذکر اس سوہنے اللہ دا
جیہڑا مالک ساریاں تھاواں دا
Assessment of Dietary Behavior of Children Aged between 3-12 Years Suffering from Thalassemia Visiting Tertiary Care Hospitals, Lahore Dietary behavior of Thalassemia children
Thalassemia is a hereditary blood disorder passed down through families in which the body makes hemoglobin in an abnormal form. Nutritional deficiencies in thalassemia children results in anemia and other medical complications. Objective: To assess dietary behavior of children aged between 3-12 years suffering from thalassemia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the outdoor patient department of thalassemia at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore for 4 months.100 patients were selected through non probability sampling technique. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. Results: Thalassemia was more prevalent in the age group of 8-12 years. Nutritional deficiencies in thalassemia patients caused anemia as it was evident from results that 74% of thalassemic children had pale skin. As far as dietary intake was concerned only 4% of thalassemia children were consuming meat and meat products.58% of thalassemia children consumed milk on daily basis. Only 8% took green leafy vegetables on daily basis as it contains high amount of iron. Micro nutrient deficiencies as vitamin A, C were common among thalassemia patients as only 30% were consuming fruits on daily basis. Conclusions: Most of the thalassemiacchildren were found to be malnourished due to inadequate dietary intake. The caregivers and parents should be counseled to create awarenessAnalytical and Numerical Solutions of Two-Dimensional Non-Equilibrium Models of Liquid Chromatography
Analytical and Numerical Solutions of Two-Dimensional Non-Equilibrium Models of Liquid Chromatography Column liquid chromatography is the most widely used physicochemical technique for the separation, identification, quantification and purification of constituents of complex mixtures. It has significant contributions in petrochemical, fine chemical, pharmaceutical and biotechnical industries. This dissertation is concerned with the analytical and numerical solutions of non-reactive and reactive non-equilibrium models of liquid chromatography in cylindrical geometry. The models are described by systems of convection-dominated partial differential equations coupled with some algebraic and differential equations. Both linear and nonlinear models are investigated. The models incorporate cylindrical pulse injections of finite width through inner cylindrical core or outer annular ring at the column inlet, two different sets of boundary conditions, liquid and solid phase reactions, and sorption kinetic process. The Hankel and Laplace transformations are successively applied to obtain analytical solutions of the models. The analytical expressions of statistical time dependent moments are obtained from the Hankel and Laplace transformed solutions. These moments can be utilized for further analyze the solute transport behavior. In the case of nonlinear models, a semi-discrete high resolution finite volume scheme (HR-FVS) is applied to get physically realistic solutions. Several case studies are carried out to analyze the effects of mass transfer kinetics on the process. The derived semi-analytical solutions are also compared with the numerical results of the suggested HR-FVS. Good agreements in the results verify the correctness of analytical solutions and accuracy of the proposed numerical algorithm. The derived solutions provide a useful tool for sensitivity analysis, process optimization, analyzing numerical algorithms, studying and quantifying the effects axial and radial dispersion coefficients, and for estimating the model parameters from a laboratory-scale experiments.Journals by Discipline
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