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مولانا حبیب الرحمن لدھیانوی

مولانا حبیب الرحمن لدھیانوی
افسوس ہے اس ماہ کی ۲ تاریخ کو مولانا حبیب الرحمن لدھیانوی ایک معمولی دورۂ قلب کے بعد۶۴برس کی عمر اچانک رہ گزائے عالم جادوانی ہوگئے۔ مولانا نے اپنے سب اہل خاندان کی طرح دارالعلوم دیوبند میں تعلیم پائی تھی۔ لیکن چوں کہ وہ موروثی اورخاندانی طورپر ایک مجاہد،بطل حریت اورزعیم قوم تھے اس لیے تعلیم سے فراغت کے بعد ہی عملی سیاست کی وادی پرخار میں کود پڑے۔ اس تقریب سے ان کا تعلق کانگریس سے بھی رہا اورجمعیۃ علمائے ہندسے بھی، اس کے علاوہ مجلس احرار کے تووہ نفس ناطقہ یا عقل ِفعال ہی تھے۔خوش تقریری، خطابت،جرأت وبیباکی،ذہانت اورطباعی،ایثار وفداکاری یہ اُن کی وہ خصوصیات تھیں جن کے باعث وہ جہاں کہیں رہے اورجس محفل میں بیٹھے ممتازاور نمایاں ہو کررہے۔عمرکے کم وبیش بارہ سال جیل میں کاٹے ہوں گے۔جہاں انھوں نے شدائد ومحن کامقابلہ بڑی بے جگری اوربے خوفی کے ساتھ کیا۔آزادی کی صر صر انقلاب نے شہرت وناموری کے بڑے بڑے روشن چراغ بجھادیے ورنہ ایک زمانہ تھا کہ مرحوم کی لیڈری کاڈنکا بجتاتھا۔زندگی بڑی قلندانہ اوردرویشانہ تھی یعنی ’’نے غم دزدو نے غم کالا‘‘ ایک معمولی سی تہمد،بغیر بٹنوں کے گریبان کھلا کرتہ اورسرپر چوگوشہ ٹوپی، جلوت میں اور خلوت میں،اندرون خانہ اورپبلک میں انھیں جہاں کہیں دیکھا اسی وضع میں دیکھا۔ حددرجہ خلیق ومتواضع، بڑے سادہ اوربے تکلف، مگراپنی بات کے پکے اوردھن کے پورے۔تقسیم کے بعد مشرقی پنجاب سے تعلق کے باوجود پاکستان میں رہنے کے بجائے دلّی میں معہ اپنے خاندان کے آبسے تھے لیکن کچھ انقلاب روزگار اورکچھ ہجوم امراض وامتدادِسن، ان کا اثر یہ ہواکہ آخر میں عملی سیاست سے دست کش ہو گئے تھے اور سلوک ومعرفت کااُن پر اس حددرجہ غلبہ ہوگیا تھا کہ اُن کے سیاسی افکار میں بھی اشراقیت کارنگ ابھر آیا تھا۔ عجیب اوصاف وکمالات کے بزرگ تھے۔ان...

موقع الكتاب في العملية النّقدية عند المحدّثين وأهمّ وسائل صيانته دراسة تأصيليّة

In this research paper the method invented by the critic scholars of hadeeth for the maintenance of quality. It is the sake of delivering the hadeeth to us the way it was narrated by the prophet peace be upon him. This study came to highlight the greatness of the critical approach of the Muḥaddithīn, this unique and precedent based approach has been opted and enjoyed the respect of the opponents. I have paid special regard to the timeline, which reflects the evolution of the Muḥaddithīn criticism, from the Era of the Prophet (PBUH) to the end of the Hadīth Narration Era. This paper shows the extent to which the critic scholars go in order to maintain the book; their attention is not limited to the Oral narration as claimed by the opponents of Sunnah and their stooges. This is done by examining the classified works of scholars that had preserved the bases and the rules followed in the criticism process, as explained in this study.

Eco-Taxo-Anatomical Study and Biological Activities of Some Wild Medicinal Xerophytes of District Bannu

The present research was carried out to record and report the ecological, taxonomical, anatomical and ethno botanical properties of 36 wild medicinal xeric plants of district Bannu. In the present research we evaluate the biological activities of few selected xeric plants. i.e. Calligonum polygonoides (L.), Rosa brunonii, Pegnum harmala (L.) and Sueda fruticosa. The present investigation comprises of nature (habit), soil type and atmospheric conditions in which the plant grow (habitat); adaptation which may be physical, physiological or anatomical, particularly stem anatomy. We reported taxonomical characters for identification and local uses of 36 plants species which belonging to 22 families of angiosperm. Based upon their utility all the studied plants are wild medicinal xerophytes maintain balancing in ecosystem and also protect the xeric environment from erosion, desertification and provide natural habitat to wild fauna. The anatomical study of all the mentioned plants was undertaken in herbarium of Botany University of Science and Technology Bannu and herbarium of Quid-eAzam University Islamabad. It was investigated that all the mentioned species of xerophytes have well developed cuticle, epidermis, trichomes, more number of simple tissue (parenchyma, collenchyma and sclernchyma cells), cortex and vascular bundles in stem systems which clarified their adaptation in the severe drought conditions i.e. xeric area of district Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Ethno botanical study shows that all of the mentioned plants were used as a fuel. Beside these, eleven species used as fodder for cattle and eight species found useful as timber. Similarly, some species have edible fruit such as Zizyphus mauratiana (L.), Acacia modesta (L.) wild, Salvador oleoides (L.), six xeric plants were found as honey bee species, eight species were found useful for agricultural tools and six species were found to be cultivated. The most important families having medicinal values were Amaranthaceae having three plant, Apocynaceae having one plant, Asclepiadaceae have two plants, Capparidaceae having one plant, Chenopodiaceae having two plants, Cucurbitaceae having one plant, Cuscutaceae has one plant, Elaeagnaceae has one plant, while Euphorbiaceae have two plants, Mimosaceae have four plants, Papilionaceae have one plant, Polygonaceae having one plant, Rhamnaceae have two plants, Rosaceae having 2 Plants, Salvadoraceae having one plant, Solanaceae having 3 plants, Tamaricaceae having one plant while Verbenaceae has one plant and Zygophyllaceae has also one plant. The most common wild medicinal plants in district Bannu were Calotropis procera, Solanum surratense, Ricinus communis (L.) Nerium odorum, Vitex negundo. Some plants have wild fruit such as Capparis decidua, Salvadora oleoides. Famous fodder species of the area were Acacia modesta, Acacia nilotica (L.) and Zizyphus nummularia (L.). Few wild medicinal plants have best biological activities such as Calligonum polygonoides, Rosa brunonii, Pegnum harmala and Sueda fruticosa. All of the selected plants have phytotoxic activities while the antibacterial activities were high in the first three plants, the Sueda fruticosa which is a halophyte have less antibacterial activities, similarly antifungal activities were strong in Calligonum polygonoides, Rosa brunonii and Pegnum harmala but poor in Sueda fruticosa, the cytotoxic activities were found strong in Calligonum polygonoides, Rosa brunonii but moderate in Pegnum harmala and poor in Sueda fruticosa. It can be concluded that, xerophytes convert the desert into cultivated land; xeric plants have best biological activities as compare to other plant groups. It is suggested that vulnerable and over-exploited medicinal plants may be conserved for sustainable use and to protect environment.
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