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براعظم افریقہ کی پہلی مسجد

براعظم افریقہ کی پہلی مسجد

براعظم افریقہ کی پہلی مسجد بھی قاہرہ میں تعمیر کی گئی تھی ۔یہ مسجد فاتح مصر حضرت عمرو بن العاص ؓ کے نام سے موسوم ہے ۔رومیوں کو شکست دے کر اس عظیم جرنیل نے حضرت محمد ﷺ کی وہ پیشین گوئی سچ ثابت کی جو آپؐ نے جنگ خندق میں کھدائی کے دوران اس بڑے پتھر کو توڑتے وقت دی تھی جس کا توڑنا صحابہ سے ممکن نہ تھا ۔خلیفہ وقت حضرت عمر ؓ نے حضرت عمر و بن العاص کو یہاں کا گورنر مقرر کیا ۔تقریباََ گیارہ ایکڑ کے احاطے پر مشتمل یہ مسجد افریقہ کی بڑی اور وسیع ترین مساجد میں شمار ہوتی ہے ۔ابتدا میں یہ ایک چھوٹی سے مسجد تھی جو اسلا م کی پہلی مسجد، مسجد قبا کی طرح کھجور کے درختوں پر تعمیر ہوئی تھی ۔ مگر اب یہ ایک عالی شان مسجد ہے جس کو دیکھنے دنیا بھر کے سیاح آتے ہیں ۔

Evaluation of Objectives of Population Education Integrated in School Curriculum on the Basis of Islamic Philosophy

Pakistan emerged on the map of world in 1947 as an Islamic state on the basis of two nation theory. Islam was the main binding force behind that unprecedented successful struggle. The inherent education system of Pakistan was greatly influenced by British and Indian education system. Since independence, various education policies and plans were formulated to align our education system with our philosophical foundation. During period 1983-1998, population education was integrated in school curriculum in three phases. The main objective of study was to evaluate the objectives of curricula on basis of Islamic philosophy. This study was delimited secondary school curriculum for class 1-10. The researcher used document analysis and expert review. The data obtained were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted statistically. The findings of study revealed that Population education remained a controversial area among curriculum developers.

Triple Test Assessment and a Scoring System to Predict the Presence of Breast Cancer at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi

Background: Breast cancer is an emerging health concern in Africa. It is the most common female cancer in Kenya. The accuracy of the diagnostic modalities in our institution has not been previously assessed, especially in cases where components of the Triple Test (TT) are non-concordant. Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the accuracy of TT, its components and its modification; the Triple Test Score when the components are nonconcordant at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi. Methods: Using ICD9 611.72 we identified patients with breast lump or mass in the period between January 2000 and July 2007. One hundred and thirty nine patients who had all the three components of TT with a complete histology report were recruited. Negative results for each component (Clinical Breast Examination, Mammography, and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) were awarded a score of 1 and positive results, each scored 2, 3 and 5 for CBE, mammogram and FNAC respectively. Results: Eighty three patients had non-concordant results. Forty two out of the 56 remaining were concordant for malignancy and 14 were concordant for benign disease. The sensitivities and specificities for the components were 83% & 72%, 53% & 72% and 88% & 75% for CBE, mammography and FNAC respectively. TT had sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 100%. A score of 8-10 (n=92) accurately predicted malignancy 94.4% of the time (Positive Predictive Value). A score of 5-7 (n=28) was only 64.3% accurate in predicting malignancy (Positive Predictive value). A score of 3-4 (n=19) predicted benign disease accurately 89.5% of the time (Negative Predictive Value). Conclusion: TT and its modification, the TTS can guide evaluation and management of palpable breast masses in AKUH. A TT result merits further evaluation with a tru-cut biopsy. A prospective study that validates the concept and further improves the results will be appropriate.
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