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پنڈت کشن پرشاد کول

پنڈت کشن پرشاد کول
پنڈت کشن پرشاد کول کی وفات ایک بڑا ادبی اور تہذیبی سانحہ ہے، وہ اردو کے ممتاز ادیب اس کے شیدائی اور ہماری پرانی تہذیب و شرافت کی ایک اہم یادگار تھے، ان میں خدمت کا جذبہ ابتداء سے تھا، چنانچہ آج سے تقریباً نصف صدی پیشتر اس زمانہ میں جب کہ ہر تعلیم یافتہ نوجوان سرکاری عہدوں کی جانب لپکتا تھا، انھوں نے دنیاوی دولت و وجاہت کے مقابلہ میں ملک و قوم کی خدمت کو ترجیح دی اور سرونٹ آف انڈیا سوسائٹی کے ممبر ہوگئے، جو اس زمانہ میں سادگی اور قناعت کے ساتھ قومی خدمت کی تربیت گاہ تھی، اور ساری عمر ایک وضع میں گزار دی، وہ لکھنؤ کے پرانے کانگریسی لیڈر بابو گنگا پرشاد ورما کے سیاسی شاگرد اور ان کے شریک کار تھے، ان کے بعد ان کے اخبار ’’ہندوستانی‘‘ کو سنبھالا اور کئی سال تک اس کو چلاتے رہے اس کے بعد پنڈت چکبست کے ساتھ مشہور رسالہ ’’صبح امید‘‘ نکالا، گنگا پرشاد میموریل لائبریری قائم ہونے کے بعد اس کے آنریری سکریٹری ہوگئے اور آخر عمر تک اس خدمت کو انجام دیتے رہے۔
وہ طبعاً سیاسی آدمی نہ تھے، ان کا اصلی ذوق علمی و ادبی تھا، اس لیے ہنگامہ خیز سیاست سے دور رہے اور پوری زندگی علم و ادب کی خدمت میں بسر کی، اردو تہذیب اور اردو زبان سے ان کو عشق تھا، اس فرقہ پرستی کے دور میں جبکہ بڑے بڑے اردو نوازوں کے قدم ڈگمگائے گئے، انہوں نے جس جرأت کے ساتھ اردو کی حمایت، اس کا حق منوانے کے لئے علمی جدوجہد اور اردو علاقائی زبان کی تحریک کی رہنمائی کی وہ ان ہی کا حصہ ہے اردو میں ان کے متعدد ناول، افسانے، خطبۂ صدارت اور ادبی و تنقیدی مضامین وغیرہ ان کی یادگار اور ان کی ادبی...

سورۃ الحجرات کے تناظر میں اسلامی معاشرے کے خدوخال

In this article, some basic elements of Islamic society have been clarified in the light of Surah Al Hujurāt.  Just as a solid foundation of a building is essential for a strong building, so a strong foundation is essential for a successful society and a strong foundation of an Islamic society has its principles, which are derived from the Qur'an and Hadith. Since these principles are important for the well-being and development of the Muslim society, their observance is necessary for the Muslim society.  This article presents a picture of an ideal society in the light of Surah Al Hujurāt. Have presented the following topics in this article:  Role of leadership and its elements, unity of Islamic society, ethics and beliefs are some of the principles discussed in this article. The research concludes that the principles stated in Surah Al Hujurāt play a vital role in establishing a stable Islamic society.

Investigation into Health and Environmental Hazards of Pesticides Use to Farming Community in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Pesticide is any agent used to kill or control pest thus helps in preventing crops from being harmed by insects, weeds or pathogens etc. Besides their advantages, the pesticides may cause unfriendly effect both on health and environment if not dealt with care. Human health and environmental risks associated with pesticide exposure are a global concern. The present study was thus an endeavor to investigate the health and environmental hazards of pesticides use to farming community in Khyber Pakthunkhwa, Pakistan. The prominent objectives of the study was investigate the toxic pesticides used by farming community in reference to the WHO toxicity classes, health and environmental risk to farmers due to improper use, possible ways to reduce the use of pesticides and part of Agriculture Extension Department in judicious use of pesticides.Cross sectional survey design was utilized as a part of the current investigation. Four union councils through multistage sampling technique was selected i.e. UC Band Kurai, Khanmai, Baffa and Baidara from districts D.I.Khan, Charsadda, Mansehra and Swat respectively. Sample size of 384 respondents was selected for the present study. SPSS ver. 20 were used for analysis of data collected. Simple frequencies, percentages were calculated whereas chi-square test, t-test and binary logistic regression model was utilized. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that majority of the respondents were using pesticides from the last 10 years. The respondents were not using proper personal protection measures while using pesticides and re-enter their fields the following day thus increases the odds of health issues to the farming community and were suffered from various acute poisoning cases i.e. headache, sneezing, cough, nausea, dizziness, feeling weak, difficulty in seeing, eye irritation, shortness of breath, burning sensation etc. Moreover, the knowledge of the farming community regarding the health and environmental hazards was also low. Overall 49 different sorts of pesticides were reported by the farming community as the most commonly used by them and majority were insecticides. Mostly the insecticides were from Class-II (moderately hazard) of the pesticides toxicity level followed by the Class III (slightly hazard) and Class U (unlikely to present acute hazard). Only two insecticides i.e. Carbofuron and Cartap from Cartap Hydrochloride chemical group were from Class-Ib which are highly hazardous. Moreover, number of sprays in field crops were low as compared to vegetables and fruits and mostly they pick their produce in 3-5 days of pesticides application in vegetables and fruits.Similarly the other unhealthy practices of pesticides observed were the re-spray of the leftover pesticides in the same season or in the upcoming season which results in increase in number x of sprays per season. Disposing the left over pesticides in field or solid waste and overdosing & low dosing against the prescribed/recommended was also an un healthy practice recorded during the study which was due to the fact that majority of the respondents had less knowledge about the prudent use of pesticides and not checking and following the guidelines on labels. In this connection the role of the Agriculture Extension Department (AED) was also not palatable. Almost half of the respondents got training regarding the pesticides application, and other health and environmental issues related to pesticides but still the respondents were not fully aware of the healthy practices which showed that the office didn‘t not completely conferred or imparted the knowledge about the highly toxic pesticides, calibration of pesticides, pesticides application techniques, safety measures, understanding the labels/instructions on pesticides containers and so forth to the respondents. It is concluded that farmers on account of less extension services regarding pesticides, uses the pesticides improperly, having no idea of proper selection of pesticides and their application time. This improper use causes various health hazards like nausea, vomiting, headache etc. it was also concluded that farmers were not been trained properly. Therefore it is suggested that farmers should be properly trained for the safe and efficient use of pesticides. Furthermore, it is also suggested that the Agriculture Extension Department ought to strictly check the sub-standard and highly toxic pesticides in the market.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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