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شمس پیرزادہ

شمس پیر زادہ
افسوس ہے کہ جولائی کے اوائل میں جناب شمس پیرزادہ ممبئی میں حرکتِ قلب بند ہوجانے سے انتقال کرگئے، وہ کلیان میں ۱۹۲۷؁ء میں پیدا ہوئے تھے، یہیں ابتدائی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے بعد انجمن اسلام بمبئی سے ہائی اسکول پاس کیا، بعض اساتذہ سے عربی بھی سیکھی۔ اس طرح مراٹھی، اردو، عربی اور انگریزی کئی زبانوں سے ان کو اچھی واقفیت تھی۔
جماعت اسلامی مہاراشٹر کے سربراہ کی حیثیت سے راقم ان کے نام سے بہت پہلے سے واقف تھا، لیکن ان کی علمی لیاقت اور تصنیف و ترجمہ کی صلاحیت کا اندازہ اس وقت ہوا جب وہ ۱۹۷۷؁ء میں ایمرجنسی کے بعد بعض اختلافات کی بنا پر جماعت اسلامی سے الگ ہوئے اور ادارۂ دعوۃ القرآن قائم کیا جہاں سے ان کی متعدد کتابیں شایع ہوئیں۔
قرآن مجید، احادیثِ نبویؐ اور فقہ اسلامی کا مطالعہ انہوں نے دقت نظر سے کیا تھا۔ دعوۃ القرآن کے نام سے کئی جلدوں میں عام فہم اور آسان زبان میں ایک تفسیر لکھی جو بہت مقبول ہوئی، حدیث میں ان کی کتاب جواھر الحدیث کو بھی قبولیت نصیب ہوئی، فقہ کے جدید مسائل پر انہوں نے متعدد رسائل لکھ کر اپنی فقہی و دینی بصیرت کا ثبوت دیا، ان کا تعلق اسلامی فقہ اکیڈمی سے بھی تھا جس کے سمیناروں میں وہ برابر شریک ہوتے اور ان کی رائے کا لحاظ بھی کیا جاتا تھا۔ پہلی بار میری ملاقات ان سے ہمدرد نگر دہلی کے سمینار میں ہوئی تھی، پھر بمبئی میں ملے تو اپنا ادارہ دیکھنے کی دعوت دی، وہاں گیا تو بڑی محبت و شفقت سے پیش ہوئے اور نہایت شوق سے ادارہ دکھایا۔
انہیں عربی سے اردو ترجمے کا اچھا ملکہ تھا، ڈاکٹر یوسف القرضاوی کی دو ضخیم عربی کتابوں الحرام والحلال اور رفقہ الزکوۃ کا سلیس و شگفتہ اردو...

Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response: A Secondary Analysis of Nepal’s Efforts

This paper presents Nepal’s experience regarding perinatal death surveillance and the country’s response in reducing preventable perinatal deaths. In developing this paper, evidence of perinatal mortality in Nepal is brought from secondary sources, mainly the assessment report of Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) system. As of 2019, this initiative has been implemented in 77 hospitals across Nepal. Challenges and barriers in implementing the MPDSR system need to be brought to attention, as the system is being scaled up to 110 hospitals. Data from the Perinatal Death Review revealed that 72% of the maternal deaths occurred during the post-partum period, due to (i) post-partum haemorrhage, (ii) hypertensive disorder, (iii) pregnancy-related infections, and (iv) non-obstetric causes. In 70% of the cases such deaths could have been prevented. Majority of perinatal deaths, at 71%, were stillbirths, mainly due to low child weight of less than 2500 grams. In conclusion, there is urgent need for the national guidelines for MPDSR system to be amended, additional and continued training provision to the health workforce, improvement in the coordination and feedback mechanism, and strengthening of the information management system

Determinants of Stress Causing Dissatisfaction Among University Teachers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Stress has been introduced as a creatively ambiguous term that brings detrimental consequences to both individuals as well as the organization. Stress if left unchecked may result in burnout that is the stage where person develops feelings of exhaustion, lack of accomplishment and depersonalization. The study is an effort to find out the pertinent stressors of public and private sector universities’ faculty members in Peshawar. Another objective of the research is to find out the level of stress among the faculty members of public and private universities. The study tends to find that stress is more in private or public sector Various studies have brought in front number of variables both individual as well as organizational inciting stress out of which work overload, Rewards, Student’s interaction, collegial support, self efficacy, but the greater achievement was to identify those factors which were either considered secondary in previous researches or were neglected; were identified here in first instance like; leadership style, organizational politics, distributive justice and procedural justice and further these pertinent factors came out to be very important in causing stress. The scope of the study is limited to the business management universities/institutions who have got degree awarding status only; therefore the population includes eighteen universities of Peshawar recognized by Higher Education Commission. Through Simple random sampling 398 faculty members were selected and contacted through questionnaire instrument. The questionnaire was pilot tested. The reliability of the pilot test (.94 alpha) revealed the justification for the further data collection. The analysis of data indicated the following major findings: · The faculty serving the public as well as private sector universities of Peshawar experience stress with varying magnitude. In public sector the level of stress is comparatively higher than the private sector. Whereas for both sectors stressors relating to work overload are the prime stress instigators.Stress in Private and Public Sector Universities · Universities must also review their policies regarding employee maintenance like compensation, distributive as well as procedural justice that is needed to be ensured for the purpose of reducing employee stress and frustration. · Communication dependent problems were identified as student faculty interaction (SFI) and collegial social interaction (CSI) which are causing stress and are to be addressed by the universities. · Other then the reward procedural (PJ) and distributive justice (DJ) was identified as a major factor in causing stressful environment among faculty members. Also the additional factors reported by the faculty includes Limited technical support for computer problems, working with new administrators, Insufficient classrooms and office space for new faculty, Budget cutbacks by the governments. Stress among teachers makes the dream of quality education as an infertile reality by placing teachers venerable to various health risk, therefore the factors inciting stress among teachers should be explored with a view to either eradicate them altogether or at least coping mechanism should be developed in order to deal stressors effectively. Based on the findings of the data analysis the researcher’s recommendations include the following: · Stress management training programs and seminars for the faculty. · Redesigning jobs in a manner so that there is reward dynamism on one side and clear career path of promotion and development on the other. · Attractive employee maintenance; like compensation, distributive as well as procedural justice needed to be rejuvenated and applied. Administration should take steps in providing procedural and distributive justice to their employees for ensuring reduction in stress. Furthermore, steps should be taken to reduce discrimination amongst teachers for the purpose of job promotion, reward, and performance evaluation.
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