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مولانا مفتی محمدظفیر الدین

مفتی ظفیرالدین مرحوم
افسوس کہ مولانا مفتی محمد ظفیرالدین مفتاحی اس دنیا سے ۳۱؍مارچ کو رخصت ہوگئے۔ ان کے انتقال سے ایک ایسی شخصیت سے محرومی کا احساس ہوا جس کی ساری زندگی علوم اسلامیہ کی تحصیل، ترویج اور تبلیغ کے لیے وقف رہی۔ مفتی کا لفظ گویا ان کے نام کا جزو ہوگیا، کیونکہ وہ دارالعلوم دیوبند کے دارالافتاء سے برسوں وابستہ رہے لیکن اصلاً وہ صاحب قلم عالم تھے، تصنیف و تالیف کی خوبی کہنا چاہئے ان میں بدرجۂ اتم موجود تھی، دیوبند کے فتاوی کی ایک درجن جلدوں کو انہوں نے بڑے سلیقے سے مرتب کیا لیکن علمی دنیا میں ان کی شناخت بلکہ اعتبار و اعتماد، اسلام کا نظام عفت و عصمت، اسلام کا نظام مساجد، اسلام کا نظام امن، اسلامی نظام معیشت جیسی نہایت مفید اور معلومات سے لبریز کتابوں سے قائم ہوا۔ نظام مساجد کی تالیف میں ان کو مولانا سید سلیمان ندوی، مولانا حبیب الرحمن اعظمی، مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی اور مولانا مناظر احسن گیلانی رحمہم اﷲ کی توجہ اور رہنمائی حاصل ہوئی، انہوں نے جس سلیقے اور محنت سے یہ کتاب سپرد قلم کی اور معلومات کا قیمتی ذخیرہ اس میں جمع کیا اس کی داد مولانا گیلانی نے یہ کہہ کردی کہ ’’عربی میں شام کے ایک عالم جمال الدین القاسمی کی کتاب اس باب میں مشہور تھی مگر خیال ہے کہ احتواء و احاطہ میں مولانا ظفیر الدین کی کتاب کو دیکھ کر کم ترک الاول للاخرہ، کا اعتراف کرنا پڑتا ہے، اسی طرح ان کی ایک کتاب حیات مولانا گیلانی پر مولانا سیدابوالحسن علی ندوی نے لکھا کہ فاضل مصنف کی اس کتاب پر پیش لفظ لکھنے میں سعادت و عزت کا جو احساس اور قلبی مسرت حاصل ہورہی ہے وہ کم مواقع پر حاصل ہوئی، مولف کی ایک کتاب امارت شرعیہ کے مقدمے میں حضرت...

عدل اجتماعی کے تصورات کا جائزہ و اہمیت قرآن و حدیث اور عالمی مذاہب کے تناطر میں

Human beings have been created in proportion and perfection by the Creator, as He is Just and Fair and likes justice and fairness in making and implementing laws. Justice is the key on every level from individual to State and interstate for peaceful and smooth functioning. Justice holds universal acceptance from the laws of nature to the creation of beings, while injustice leads to chaos. It causes the decline and disgrace among civilized societies. The chaos and terrorism in contemporary world is all because of injustices by individuals and by the States. The teachings of the messangers of Allah were to create the justice and equality at every level in the society. Deviation from the teachings of Allah and His messangers with respect to justice is a way towards destruction. Any nation that forgoes justice becomes victim of injustice itself and the consequences are ultimate anarchy and chaos. Islam as a universal religion demands the justice in every sphere of life. Islam and its teachings are for peace and prosperity. It promulgates and promotes human dignity and the value of Justice, equality and peace. Today the Ummah is in desperate need of adopting and practicing justice and fairness as the Creator has shown in His Word and Work.

Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochmical Performance of Modified Titania/Carbon Nanotube Composites As Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Btteries

The present efforts in energy storage are directed more towards modifying the secondary battery systems. Titania (TiO2) is an appropriate substitute for anode material in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its surpassed structural stability and high safety during the prolonged charge/discharge cycles. The low conductivity issues associated with this material has been a constraining factor influencing its rate capability and cycling performance. From this viewpoint, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), a zero gap semiconductor, with distinctive electronic properties, together with superb electrochemical, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties that are much more than the other carbon allotropes such as diamond, graphite and fullerene. More importantly, MWCNTs has also proved their effectiveness upon compositing with a metal oxide or metallic nanoparticles to augment the electrochemical performance. In this work, M-TiO2/MWCNTs (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Cu) were synthesized by surfactant assisted controlled hydrolysis approach taking the advantage of the synergistic interplay between MWCNTs and M-doped TiO2 leveraging both the electrode performance and stability. Exploiting synchrotron-based spectroscopy (NEXAFS, XANES and ex-situ XRD) and microscopy techniques, we examined the structure of metal-doped TiO2/MWCNTs nanocomposites characterized by varied morphology and structural order at the nanoscale. This entire investigation of the electronic, morphological, and structural properties enabled us to recognize and unveil the electrochemical transformations upon cycling. A convenient, cheap and mild covalent functionalization route for multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been developed for the first time. The results consistently iv confirmed the formation of carboxyl functionalities on MWCNTs, while the structure of MWCNTs has remained relatively intact. At an optimal 5% doping of Mn, Ni, Cu and 7% doping of Co the electrode showed 176.4, 241.3, 214.1 and 177.6 mAh g‒1 capacity at C/10 for 80 cycles, moreover an excellent rate capacity is also demonstrated at a sufficiently high rate of 20 C. The lower angle shift and enlargement of TiO2 unit cell from XRD results indicate that metal dopants are substituting Ti atoms from the pure anatase TiO2 matrix. The increase in the intensity of t2g and eg bands in O K-edge NEXAFS point to the effective hybridization between metal 3d and O 2p orbitals. Metal and Ti L3,2 edge from NEXAFS spectra clearly reflect 2+ and 4+ valence states of metal and Ti, respectively. C K-edge NEXAFS provides clear evidence for a charge distribution and chemical bonding between MxTi1-xO2 nanoparticles and MWCNTs. Ex-situ XANES studies of lithiated samples have proved that Ti and metal K edge shifts to lower energy upon increased doping concentration while ex-situ XRD points towards the lattice expansion upon Li-insertion. This work offers new outlooks for electrode fabrication with a deep insight into structural alterations associated with the charging-discharging behaviour in the composite electrodes for battery applications.
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