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بے رُخی اس قدر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

بے رُخی اس قدر بھی ٹھیک نہیں
تیری برہم نظر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

جو ڈگر دور پیار سے کر دے
جانِ من وہ ڈگر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

آپ رہتے ہیں بے خبر ہم سے
رہنا یوں بے خبر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

ایک ہی در سے ٹھیک ہے نسبت
پھرنا یوں در بہ در بھی ٹھیک نہیں

دلِ ناداں تو ضبط بھی کر لے
ہر گھڑی چشمِ تر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

جو سفر کی نہ تلخیاں بانٹے
وہ تو پھر ہم سفر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

تنگدستی بھی ہے بُری تائبؔ
کثرتِ مال و زر بھی ٹھیک نہیں

ترجيحات الشيخ ثناء الله بانی بتی في تفسير سورة الفاتحة: دراسة تطبيقية نموذجية

The topic of this research is “Preferences of Qazi Sana Ullah Pani patti in Tafseer of Surah al Fatiha, and these preferences are taken from his famous book of tafseer, named: “Tafseer al Mazhari.  Qazi Sana Ullah Pani Patti is one of the most eminent scholars of Tafseer in sub-continent. He belongs to the progeny of Usman R.A. He was born in PaniPat and got his early education there. Then he travelled to Dehli for higher education of that time. His teachers include: Abdul Raheem al Umari al Dehlvi, Muhammad Abid al Sinami, Sheikh janjan al Dehlvi. Among his famous books are followings: Al Tafseer al Mazhari, Mabsoot, Al saif al Maslool, Irshad ul Talibeen, Tazkira tul Mota, Haqeeqa tul Islam, and many other books. In this research I will discuss preferences of Qazi Sana Ullah with reference to two major types of Tafeer i.e Tafseer bil riwayyah (narration) and Tafseer bil dirayyah (sound reasoning).  

Bandpass Sampling Methodology for Uniformly Spaced Multiband Energy-Sparse Spectrum

In this dissertation, a novel direct radio frequency (RF) sampling method is proposed in order to find out the minimum sampling frequency for an evenly spaced spectrum comprising multiband RF signals. The proposed methodology describes a set of rules to achieve the lowest possible sampling frequency rates without any compromise of spectrum folding or overlap of aliases in baseband after down conversion. It is shown that the minimum sampling rate has a unique relation with the layout of the spectrum of interest (SOI). For instance, if there are N number of information bands of equal bandwidth B in the SOI, then it is possible to down-convert the complete SOI using the sampling rate, 2NB, which is twice of the total information bandwidth only if all bands are evenly spaced in the SOI. Another factor introduced to the achieve the minimum sampling rate is the sparseness-nature in the SOI, which is the ratio of null bandwidth to information bandwidth. The proposed methodology is general in nature and is flexible to the number of input signals or bands as well as to their positions in the desired spectrum. In the proposed research work, simulations are carried out that verify that by using the recommended minimum sampling rates, the desired signal is extractable without any additional computational complexity due to spectrum folding or aliasing-overlap. Our proposed methodology has a vast scope in the design of general-purpose receivers, global navigational satellite system (GNSS) receiver and cognitive radios (CR) because of the use of a low speed ADC. Moreover, the same can be efficiently used to monitor a wide band spectrum in military communications especially for electronic warfare receivers, where reduction of the complexity, size and cost has significant importance. As a model application of our proposed work, we present a composite design for the multiband-multistandard GNSS receiver. The design efficacy is based on the proposed bandpass sampling methodology that transforms the sparse-spectrum electromagnetic environment into a quasi-uniformly spaced spectrum of compact bandwidth, which is more appropriate and useful for simultaneous digitization and down-conversion of analogue signals. In this method, only a part of SOI is transformed to an intermediate frequency. In this way, the desired frequency bands of information that are widely spread, are grouped to form a contiguous-spectrum which is quasi-uniformly spaced. There on, a sub- sampling is carried out for simultaneous digitization and translation of input signals to the first-Nyquist zone. The proposed composite architecture is also helpful to circumvent the higher-order intermodulation components. The proposed design is validated for conventional Global Positioning System L1 and L2 bands and also for new L5 band used in GNSS (GLONASS, Galileo and Beidou) receivers. The presented results show considerable reduction in the sampling rates, and improvement in signal-to-noise and distortion ratio, which can be easily managed by a low sampling analogue to digital conversion.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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