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آغا محمد نعیم

آغا محمد ندیم

ہم اپنی جدو جہد کے ساتھی آغا محمد ندیم کو پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی ڈنمارک کا جنرل سیکریٹری منتخب ہونے پر دلی مبارک باد پیش کرتے ہیں ۔پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی آغا برادران کی مقروض ہے ،جنرل ضیاء الحق کے مارشل لاء کے خلاف اس خاندان کی بے مثال جد وجہد کسی سے ڈھکی چھپی نہیں ۔شاہی قلعہ کے عقو بت خانے ہوں یا پاکستان کی جیلیں یاجلا وطنیاں ہر جگہ یہ ثابت قدمی سے ڈٹے رہے ۔ شکریہ چیئر مین پاکستا ن پیپلز پارٹی۔ اگر پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کو ایک بار پھر چاروں صوبوں کی زنجیر بنانا ہے تو ایسے بہادر قربانیاں دینے والے جیالوںکو آ گے لانا ہو گا ۔

 

اسلامی بینکوں میں رائج مضاربت: اصول و تطبیق، دور حاضر کے تناظر میں

Islām is said to be a complete code of conduct. It guides the humanity in every aspect of life. To earn the best living is the aim of every man, for which he earnestly spends his most precious time and energies. In the present era, the economic activities are in close correspondence with the banking system. But, it is a matter of fact that the conventional banking system was not founded on Islamic economic principles, nor does it follow them in the conduct of its affairs. The question arises, are Islām and its academic sources capable to guide us to substitute the conventional banking system. We find that Muḍārabah in an Islamic economic system is an instrument that emanates a number of substitutions to replace the conventional banking. This article discusses Muḍārabah, only. Muḍārabah is a mode of Islamic financing in which one party provides capital and second one employs its expertise to do a business. In the classical Muḍārabah, there were only two parties. One of them is called Rabb al-Māl (Financer) and second Muḍārib (Worker). It was the simplest form of the classical Muḍārabah, but with the passage of time, Muḍārabah evolved into many forms. Now, it has become more complex. The Islamic banks employ Muḍārabah. They are using modern forms of Muḍārabah in their products. People have several misconceptions about Muḍārabah for lack of knowledge about it and its the procedures. This article is an effort to explain the legitimacy of Muḍārabah and its method according to al-Sharī‘ah in the context of the modern Muḍārabah banking.

The Study of Nanofluid Flows and its Mathematical Analysis With Applications

This thesis is regarding the development of mathematical flow models and analytical techniques for Newtonian and nan-Newtonian nanofluids containing different nanoparticles on stretching sheets and thin film flows on stretching cylinder and starching disc. For stretching sheet, a mathematical model of MHD three-dimension rotating flow of nanofluids is analyzed. SWCNTs are utilized as nano-sized materials while water is used as a based fluid. In this study the heat exchange phenomena deliberated subject to thermal radiation, Brownian motion and thermophoresis. Now for horizontal stretching cylinder, a mathematical formulation of thin film of 2 3 2 Al O H O g − and 2 3 2 6 2 Al O C H O g − nanoliquids is considered. The effect of effective Prandtl number, viscosity and thermal conductivity is discussed. For a starching disc of same problem, an unsteady thin film flow of 2 3 2 Al O H O g − and 2 3 2 6 2 Al O C H O g − nanoliquids is developed. Similarly, another problem of Darcy Forchheimer 2D thin film flow of nanofluids through unsteady stretchable sheets is developed. In this analysis water base SWCNTs are accounted as a nanoparticle. The transformation of nonlinear PDEs arising in these problems into strong ODEs is formed through appropriate variables. HAM techniques have been proposed to solve these problems while the solution of problem three are carried out by using OHAM scheme. In addition, in all these problems the effect of some model flow parameters on velocity and heat are calculated and studied through graphs. The certain physical factors of these problems skin friction coefficient (surface drag force) and Nusselt number (rate of heat transfer) are derived and present through tables.
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