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نسل در نسل دشمنی

جائیداد کا تنازعہ نسل درنسل دشمنی

                 ناول نگار نے کہانی میں تین بھائیوں کا ذکر کیا ہے جو کہ ضلع خانیوال کے گاؤں ٹبہ والی میں رہتے تھے۔صادق بخش،الٰہ بخش،احمد بخش تینوں بھائیوں کے پاس زمین جائیداد بتائی گئی ہے احمد بخش جو کہ ان سب سے بڑا ہے اس کا ایک بیٹا ہے۔طلال احمد،دوسرے بھائی کی ایک بیٹی ہے بیٹی کی پیدائش پر بیوی کا انتقال ہو گیا اور تیسرے بھائی کی دو بیویاں ہیں مگر اولاد کوئی نہیں۔ان تینوں بھائیوں کا باپ جنگ عظیم دوم میں انگریزوں کے خلاف جنگ کرتا ہوا اپنے ایک بازو سے ہاتھ دھو بیٹھا اس صورت میں اسے حکومت کی طرف سے زمین الاٹ کی گئی، کچھ بعد میں یہ بھائی اپنے دماغ سے اضافہ کرتے گئے۔تینوں بظاہر بہت اچھے بھائی تھے۔ مگر طلال احمد جو کہ دل میں بغض رکھتا تھا، وہ اور اس کا باپ احمد بخش تین ہزار ایکڑ کے امورخود سے ہی دیکھتے تھے۔سب کام بہت خوش اسلوبی سے ہورہے تھے۔تینوں بھائیوں میں بگاڑ تب پیدا ہواجب دوسرا بھائی اپنی زندگی میں ہی اپنے حصے کی زمین اپنی بیویوں کے نام کردینا چاہتا تھا۔ناطق نے بھائیوں کے پیار میں بھی بتایا ہے کہ خون کے رشتے ،سگے بھائی بھی کس طرح جائیداد کے لالچ میں ایک دوسرے کے خون کے پیاسے ہو جاتے ہیں۔صادق بخش ہمیشہ سے چاہتا تھا اور اس سلسلے میں اپنے بڑے بھائی احمد بخش کو بہت بار کہہ چکاتھاکہ وہ اپنا حصہ اپنی بیویوں کے نام کرنا چاہتا ہے اور احمد بخش ہمیشہ ٹال مٹول سے کام لیتا تھا۔دونوں میں بہت تکرار ہوگئی اور بات طے پائی کہ وہ اس سال  کپاس کی کاشت پر رقم دونوں بیویوں میں تقسیم کردے گا۔اس تکرار کی وجہ سے اب بھائی ساتھ میں کم بیٹھتے تھے۔مگر احمد بخش نے اپنا...

Islamic Perspective on Social Welfare

The study was carried out with the core objective about Islamic principles and teachings regarding welfare and its observance in ‘Pakhtun’ society under interpretative methodology of social sciences in ‘Gadhar-Hamza Khan, Shankar and Jamal Garhi’ of District Mardan. For collection of the relevant primary data 30 participants were purposely selected through convenient sampling method and then thoroughly interviewed while using interview guide as tool of data collection. After collection of the data, different themes were derived which were properly analyzed and presented in sequential orders. The study concluded that the most of the participant were lacking enough knowledge about calculation and distribution Zkwāt and ‘Ashr as they used and considered both term terms interchangeably. The study further concluded that priority was given to ‘Ashr rather Zkwāt. Awareness and observance about teachings of Islam in true spirit, inclusion of reading materials in curriculum of schools, colleges and universities, and deliverance of religious sermons by clerics about promotion of welfare activities were presented some of the recommendations.

Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Students Stress at University Level

Present study was intended to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence on students stress at university level. The major objectives of the study were to measure the emotional intelligence of private and public sector university students, to measure the stress among private and public sector university students, to measure the attitude of the public and private sector university students, to explore the relationship of emotional intelligence, stress and studentsˈ attitude in the context of private and public sector university students. For the determination of psychometric properties pilot testing was carried out on a sample of 150 university students. Data was collected by using three research instruments, for the measurement of Emotional IntelligenceGoleman''s Mixed Model of Emotional Intelligence was used(1995). A questionnaire consisted of 24 items and four sub-scales as Self-awareness, Teamwork, Interpersonal Relations and Social Skills was developed. For the measurement of studentsˈ stress a research questionnaire was developed by using Selye''s Studentsˈ Stress Model (1976), it was comprised of 37 items having 7 sub-scales such as Academic Stress, Self-Inflicted Stress, Test Stress, Time Management Stress, Peers Stress, Social Life Stress and Studying Group Stress. For the measurement of studentsˈ attitude a research questionnaire was developed by using Fazio''s MODE Model of attitude (1990), it was consisted of 20 items having 3 sub-scales as, Motivation, Empathy and Self-control. After pilot testing main study was carried out and data was gathered through stratified random sampling technique. Sample comprised of 504 university students among them were 214 male and 290 female respondents of 130 from Management Sciences, 128 from Natural Sciences, 126 from Social Sciences and 120 from Humanities departments of 12 public and private sector universities situated in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Data was analyzed by using statistical techniques such as correlation; inter scale correlations, percentile ranking, analysis of variance, Regression. The results indicated that studentsdiffer in terms ofemotional intelligence, stress and attitude. Results showed that male university students experience higher level of emotional intelligence and positive attitude, while female university students have higher level of stress. Students of public sector universities have higher emotional intelligence whereas, private sector university students have higher stress. Students of public sector universities exhibits more positive attitude than students of private sector universities. It is suggested that teachers ought to use appropriate strategies in order to decrease the stress from students'' life and teach them coping ability to manage stress effectively. It is also recommended that university students may teach to enhance emotional intelligence, self control andpositive attitude towards life so they able to manage stress effectively.
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