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سفر ہے شرط۔۔۔

سفر ہے شرط۔۔۔۔

                                                                                                ڈاکٹرعارف حسین عارفؔ

دنیا کی سیر کرنا ، آنکھوں سے دیکھنا اور لفظوں میں دکھانا سب مختلف ہنر ہیں۔ جو شخص دنیا کی سیر کا حوصلہ رکھتا ہے وہ اپنی آنکھیں اور دل کھلا رکھے اور قلم رواں رکھے تو اس کا سفر نہ صرف اپنا سفر رہ جاتا ہے بلکہ وہ اپنے ساتھ ساتھ دوسروں کو بھی ،جو کبھی قیدِ مقام سے نہیں گزرے، اپنے ساتھ ساتھ لیے پھرتا ہے۔ سفر نامہ نگار کی یہی خوبی ہوتی ہے کہ وہ ایک افسانوی فضا قائم کر تے ہوئے داستانوی ماحول بناتے ہوئے ، قاری کو اس طرح اپنی گرفت میں لیتا ہے کہ اُس کے ذہن کی سکرین پر وہ تمام مناظر اپنا عکس لیے ساتھ ساتھ چلتے جاتے ہیں۔

ڈاکٹر الطاف یوسف زئی کا سفر نامہ’’ نیل کے سنگ‘‘ اس لحاظ سے ایک منفرد سفر نامہ ہے کہ جس میں داستانوی عنصر بھی پایا جاتا ہے اور افسانے کا اختصار بھی۔ انھوں نے چند صفحات میں ہی مصر کی ایسی سیر کرادی ہے کہ جو آدمی ایک مہینہ میں بھی شاید نہ کر سکتا ہو۔ تاریخ کی بھاری بھرکم کتابوں کو ہاتھ لگانے سے ڈر لگتا ہے اور پھر ان کا اسلوب بھی اتنا دل خراش ہوتا ہے کہ ایک آدھ صفحے کے بعد کتاب کو طاق پہ سجا دینا ہی مناسب لگتا ہے مگر الطاف صاحب نے سفرنامے کو اس طرح خوبصورت اسلوب اور دل کش پیرائے سے مزین کیا ہے کہ قاری ساتھ ساتھ سفر کرتا چلا جاتا ہے۔ سب سے بڑھ کر ان کے اسلوب میں جو بر محل اشعار اور احادیث اور اسلامی روایات کا استعمال ہے وہ ان کی علمیت کی خبر بھی دیتا ہے اور ساتھ ہی قاری کو ایک اسلامی اور ادبی روایت سے بھی...

Implikasi Peran Dan Fungsi Pengawasan Bank Syariah Di Indonesia Pasca UU No. 21 Tahun 2011

The growth of the Sharia banking system in Indonesia is considered a measure of Sharia's economic success. The Indonesian Sharia Banking Supervision is responsible for regulating sharia banking activities. It is important to note that this information is from a regulatory point of view. The regulation and supervision of sharia banking activities are based on amendments to Act No. 3 of 2004 on the Bank of Indonesia, No. 23 of 1999, and Law No. 21 of 2008. After the passing of OJK Act No. 21 in 2011, Indonesian banks were granted the authority to oversee Sharia banks, which were then transferred to the JSC. The Financial Services Authority was formed due to concerns from various parties about the supervisory function of Indonesian banks in regulating Sharia banking. The JSC does not directly monitor all activities of Sharia institutions, but rather ensures that certain aspects are overseen by other institutions, such as the DPS (Dewan Pengawas Syariah).  The DPS is responsible for overseeing Sharia Financial Institutions, and is registered based on the approval of the National Sharia Council (DSN). The objective of the OJK is to meet and protect the needs and interests of the public, create a stable and sustainable financial system, and implement a financial system based on the principles of good governance, which include accountability, transparency, and independence.

Bioactivity Guided Isolation of Anticancer Compounds from Oleoresin of Boswellia and Pinus Species

Oleoresins are secondary metabolites of resinous plants, mainly composed of essential oil and resin acids. The present research work was conducted for the development of methodology for isolation of anticancer compounds from oleoresins of Boswellia and Pinus species. Conventional and advanced extraction techniques such as Hydro-distillation, steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) method were used for extraction of essential oil from oleoresins. For optimum extraction yield of essential oil, hydro-distillation and steam distillation methods were performed under different temperature conditions. It was observed that essential oil yield in both plants oleoresin was increased on increasing extraction temperatures. These essential oils were further separated in to different fractions and sub fractions on the basis of their boiling points by vacuum fractional distillation method. Moreover, the biological activity of essential oils, fractions and sub fractions were performed under bioactivity guided assays. Antioxidant potential of essential oils, fractions and sub fractions was determined through different antioxidant assays. It was observed that most the essential oils, fractions and sub fractions revealed moderate level of antioxidant activity. Moreover, it was found that all the essential oils, fractions and sub fractions showed excellent antimicrobial and antitumor activity. Cytotoxicity was determined through haemolytic assay and their results expressed that all the tested essential oils, fractions and sub fractions exhibit weak cytotoxic activity. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined through GC-MS. The results showed that α-pinene, β-pinene, 3-carene and longifolene were the major chemical components of Pinus roxburghii oleoresin essential oils. Similarly, the chemical composition of Boswellia serrata oleoresin essential oils showed that α-pinene, β-pinene, pinocarveol and verbenol were the main chemical compounds and these chemical compounds might be responsible for their biological activity. Moreover, it was observed that the chemical composition of essential oils significantly vary with extraction methods.
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