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Muhammad - The Recipient of The Qur’an

Muhammad -
The Recipient of The Qur’an

Muhammad was the only child of his parents – Sayyed ‘Abd-Allah bin ‘Abd Al-Muttalib Al- Hashemi and Sayyedah Aminah bint Wahb Al-Zuhriyya. He was born in Makkah, a commercial metropolis and a pilgrims’ hub in the Arabian Peninsula. His father passed away before his birth, and the mother when he was six. A shepherd in early life and a successful merchant in adulthood, he married Sayyedah Khadijah bint Khuwaylid at the age of 25. The happy couple became the parents of two sons and four daughters.

Muhammad ibn Abd-Allah was reputed to be a friendly and trustworthy gentleman with an impeccable character. He was admired for his generosity as well as his wisdom. The mutually hostile factions often called upon him to act as an arbiter. At home, he was known for his caring and helpful attitudes.

As he was attaining maturity, he was getting deeply disturbed by the social and moral environment around him. He found the idolatry and fetishism unholy and social injustices distressing. He increasingly began to search for a response to his own agony at the injustice and chaos around him by resorting to meditation and seclusion. He would go away from home for several days in a row and stay in a small cave on Mount al-Noor, it is a cave hiding in shyness and seclusion with a difficult access, named Hira.

One midnight, during the last week of the month of Ramadan that the Cave lightened up. It witnessed the presence of rows over rows of angels led by the Arch Angel, Gabriel. Muhammad got bewildered. It brought him awe, fear and foreboding. It was an experience unique of its kind; unique...

Work-family conflict and fear of COVID-19 and its relationship with the physical and mental health of Pakistani working women

Work-family conflict is a conflict between societal expectations and the interaction of interrelated work and family domains. It is essential to understand the impact of COVID-19 on working women's physical and mental health in Pakistan to advise better health policy. This research aims to determine work-family conflict’s impact on working women’s physical and mental health. Through non-probability sampling, 100 working women were sampled online across different cities of Pakistan. The participants were selected from different working fields. Only women above the age of 20 years were eligible for participation in this study. The study found that work-family conflict positively correlates with the fear of COVID19, blood pressure, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Psychologists, counselors, and general physicians for primary and preventive care in Pakistan need to work towards counselling and supporting the health needs of working women to prevent biopsychosocial problems related to work-family conflict and fear of COVID-19. Keywords: anxiety, blood pressure, depression, fear of covid-19, work-family conflict.

Development of Relationships Among Vehicular and Driver’S Characteristics With Traffic Accidents

The city of Lahore is the provincial headquarter of the Punjab province. Lahore has different types of traffic as compared to other cities of Pakistan. The old areas have mixed traffic and the outskirt areas have fast moving traffic. The main factors for traffic accidents are roads, vehicles, drivers, external factors and enforcement by traffic police. The riding quality of roads of Lahore is normal. The external factors such as weather condition in Lahore are not so severe as to cause accidents. The condition of vehicles especially public transport fleet, plying on the roads of Lahore, is alarming as periodic maintenance of vehicles is not frequently carried out. The literacy rate of the country is also an issue. Most of the drivers, especially drivers of public transport vehicles, are not educated. They have problems in understanding the traffic rules, signs and signals. In such a situation their behaviour while driving is unsafe and they come across traffic accidents associated with human losses, human sufferings and economic losses. Considering these facts into account it was planned to study the drivers and vehicles characteristics with special reference to their role towards traffic accidents. The basic objective of this research was to develop Accident Prediction Models (APMs) relating number of accidents occurred per year and to know the causes of accidents of different vehicle types based on the vehicular and driver’s characteristics. By knowing the causes of accidents, another purpose was to suggest some measures to lessen the number of accidents. In this regard, questionnaire/survey forms comprising about 107 vehicular and driver’s characteristics were prepared after going through the world wide relevant literature. Seven types of vehicles were selected for the study and for each vehicle type survey was conducted on different locations of Lahore to collect representative information regarding vehicular and driver’s characteristics including number of traffic accidents experienced. The survey locations were chosen on the basis of most probable presence of different vehicle types within Lahore. The types of vehicles considered for this research study include Motorcycle Rickshaw (Qingqi), Motorcycle, Passenger Car, Wagon, Bus, Auto Rickshaw and Pickup. Representative and justified sample sizes were selected using stratified sampling technique on the basis of number of registered vehicles for each type. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used for analysis of the characteristics. Frequency, correlation and cross-tabulation analyses were conducted for each vehicle. On the basis of these analyses, the most significant driver’s and vehicular characteristics contributing traffic accidents were identified for each vehicle type. With these most significant characteristics, APMs using the multiple linear regression analysis relating the number of accidents per year were developed for all seven types of vehicles. The APMs developed can be used to assess the number of accidents per year for seven types of vehicles on the basis of their vehicular and driver’s characteristics for each vehicle type. On the basis of developed APMs, it is concluded that the main contributing factors towards accidents are vehicular and driver’s characteristics. So it is recommended that by properly addressing the vehicular and driver’s characteristics, incidents of traffic accidents can be reduced.
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