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ڈاکٹرخلیل الرحمن اعظمی

یادِ خلیل
مرزا غالب مرحوم نے عارف کی موت پر کہا تھا:
ہاں اے فلک پیر جواں تھا ابھی عارف
کیا تیرا بگڑتا جو نہ مرتا کوئی دن اور
ڈاکٹر خلیل الرحمن اعظمی مرحوم کی خبر وفات سن بے ساختہ یہ شعرزبان پر آگیا، ابھی شاید وہ پچاس کے ہوں، بھلا یہ مرنے کے دن تھے، لیکن تقدیر کے راز کون سمجھ سکتا ہے، انّ اجل اﷲ اذا جاء لا یوخّر[نوح: ۴]۔
وہ بہت ہو نہار، لائق اور ذی استعداد تھے، اپنی صلاحیت سے انھوں نے اس کم سنی ہی میں اردو کے مشہور نقادوں، ممتاز ادیبوں اور اہم شاعروں کی صف میں اپنی جگہ بنالی تھی، ان کا نام ادبی حلقوں میں عزت سے لیا جاتا تھا اور ان کے خیالات کا وزن محسوس کیا جاتا تھا۔
وہ اعظم گڑھ کے مردم خیز خطہ سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، سرائے میر کے قریب ایک گاؤں سیدھا سلطان پور کے رہنے والے تھے، ان کے والد محترم مولانا محمد شفیع صاحب مرحوم بڑے نیک نفس اور مقدس بزرگ تھے، مدرستہ الا صلاح سرائے میر کا قیام انھیں کی جدوجہد کا نتیجہ ہے، جس کے نظم ونسق کی ذمہ داری ترجمان القران مولانا حمیدالدین فراہی نے بعد میں علامہ شبلی مرحوم کے ایماء سے قبول کرکے اس کو بڑی شہرت و ترقی دی تھی، مولانا محمد شفیع مرحوم کے پانچ صاحبزادوں میں خلیل صاحب سب سے چھوٹے مگر اپنی صلاحیتوں کے اعتبار سے سب میں ممتاز تھے، انھوں نے شبلی نیشنل اسکول سے میٹرک پاس کرنے کے بعد علی گڑھ مسلم یو نیو رسٹی میں داخلہ لیا، تعلیم مکمل کر چکے تو وہیں شعبۂ اردو میں لکچرر ہوگئے، بعد میں ترقی کرکے ریڈر ہوئے، وہ اپنے استادوں میں پروفیسر رشید احمد صدیقی مرحوم کی عقیدت کا دم بھرتے تھے، وہ ان کے ادب و انشا کے بڑے مداح اور...

Frequency of Hypothyroidism in Chronic Hepatitis C patients treated with Standard Interferon Therapy Hypothroidism in HCV patients on Interferon Therapy

Chronic hepatitis C is a major health problem associated with high mortality and morbidity. It is the most common chronic blood borne infection leading to chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. One of the treatment used for hepatitis C is interferon therapy which can lead to thyroid dysfunction i.e. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. OBJECTIVE: “To assess the frequency of hypothyroidism in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with standard interferon therapy”. METHODS: Thisdescriptive case series study was carried out at Outpatient Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore for 06 months from July to December 2014. After ethical approval of the study, 200 patients of ages 15 to 65 years with both genders having chronic hepatitis C on Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)& normal thyroid functionstest were taken by Non-probability, purposive sampling technique. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone level (TSH) was sent of all patients to Centre for Nuclear Medicine (CENUM), Mayo Hospital Lahore before and after the completion of three months of interferontherapy and hypothyroidism was considered as TSH>4.0 mIU/L (normal range: 0.2-4.0 mIU/L). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 36.29 + 8.5 years. Out of total 200 patients, 123 (61.5%) were male and 77 (38.5%) were female. At baselines mean TSH of the patients was 3.16 + 2.57 mIU/L. After 3 months of therapy 163 patients (81.5%) were euthyroid and 37 patients (18.5%) were having thyroid dysfunction. Among patients with thyroid dysfunction 29 (14.5% of total patients) were hypothyroid. Among hypothyroid patients, according to gender distribution 8 (27.6%) patients were male and 21 (72.4%) patients were female. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.0003). CONCLUSION: It is concluded from this study that there is significant frequency of hypothyroidism in patients of chronic hepatitis C treated with standard interferon therapy and females are at more risk of developing thyroid dysfunction particularly hypothyroidism after standard interferon therapy.

Error Analysis with Special Reference to Writing Skills at Degree Level in Pakistan

In this modern age one needs the ability to communicate well. This communication can be oral or written. Written communication is comparatively more permanent and hence the chances of errors being recorded increase. For an overall mastery of language all the four skills are important but for Pakistani students, and especially for the students of degree level, writing skill is more important as the students’ linguistic competence in the examination is assessed through writing only. Our examinations are writing oriented and although more time and attention is paid to writing skills yet even after so much coaching and care the performance of our students remain very poor. Students keep committing grave errors in large number and remain unable to write even a few sentences in grammatically correct English. Many students at B.A. level fail simply because of the subject of English and many leave their education for good because of repeated failure in this subject. Therefore, the researcher felt a dire need to see into the nature, causes and frequency of errors in written English at degree level with a view to making suggestion to minimize these errors and hence help the teachers as well as students to improve the situation. The aim of the research was to highlight the weak areas of the students while writing English as well as to determine the attitude of the students and the teachers towards written errors. Error free written English is the ideal in the mind of the researcher which he wants to achieve for the students at degree level; after all the students have been studying English for the last fourteen years, a pretty lengthy period indeed. The researcher studied the trend of setting papers and analyzed the errors of the students at sentence level and also in the context. To authenticate the data, interviews of the teachers were conducted for qualitative data and analysis. In the end, on the basis of the findings conclusion is drawn and suggestions are given for the reduction, if not total eradication of errors. These suggestions will not only help the teachers in designing remedial programme but also the students in improving their written English.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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