Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

Chapter 1: Works of Shāh Walī Allāh and his Decedents

Life of Shāh Walī Allāh

Shāh Walī Allāh has written an article titled “al- Juz’ al- Laṭīf fī tarjamat al- ‘Abd al-Ẓa‘īf” in his book “Anfās al ‘Ārifīn” in which he has described his life history. Following are the events of his life as narrated by him:

            “I was born on Wednesday 4thShawwāl, 1114 A. H at sunrise… Parents and other saints had received the intuitions about me even before and after my birth. I was sent to Maktab at the age of five and when I was about seven my father made me offer prayers and commanded me to observe fast. In the same year, circumcision was done and after having finished the Qur’ān I took up studying books in Arabic and Persian. At the age of ten, I was going through “Sharaḥ Mullā” and during that time the field of studies opened up for me. I was married at fourteen as my father had desired an early wedding…. I gave my hand to my father’s hand at the age of fifteen and got busy taking up Ashghāl-e-Ṣufīah, especially the Mashā’ikh-e-Naqshband. I set up my spiritual discourse after having sought their attention and motivation to acquire the grooming about norms of religious practices and spiritual uplift through Sufiism. In the same year, I studied a part of Beḍāvī Sharīf and then my father arranged a general feast where he accorded me permission to deliver dars. In short, I learned all the disciplines of that area (‘Ulūm-e-Mutadāwalah) at the age of fifteen and went through all the books linked with these fields in chronological order. In the field of Ḥadīth, leaving aside its part from Kitāb al-bay‘ upto Kitāb al-ādāb, I went through the remaining complete Mishkāt, Ṣaḥīḥ Bukhārī upto Kitāb al-ṭahārah...

أثر القرآن الكريم في شعر أحمد شوقي

Ahmad Showqi is an eminent poet in this era, and he is also leader in Egypt, Arabic World and Europe. He is pioneer in Modern Arabic History. He followed his mentor Mahmood Saami Al-Baroodi. He spent his life in grooming. Arabic thinking and was beginner and elevator of Arabic poetry. He highlighted great civilization of Arabs. This modern movement of Arabic literature is zeal and zest of this period. This article reveals a profound academic and research study of Ahmad Showqi’s poetry. The main focus of the study is the Words and Verses of Holy Quran used by Ahmad Showqi in his poetry. Ahmad Showqi has presented before us a very fine interpretation and true meanings of the Quranic words. Similarly through his poetry he has presented before us the Quranic verses and passages in an effective way. So we may describe his poetry as an interpretation of the Holy Quran.

The Present Status, Potential and Contribution of Various Non Wood Forest Products in the Earthquake Prone of Northern Belt of Pakistan

The role and potential of Non Wood Forest Products (NWFPs) to contribute towards livelihoods of the poor and its capacity to rehabilitate problem hit communities, has been explored. Present research was designed to monitor the “Status, Potential and Contribution of various NWFPs in the Earthquake Prone Northern Belt of Pakistan”. The research findings provide an insight to quantify NWFPs, role in uplift of the socio-economic conditions of districts Mazzafarabad (MA) and Bagh (B). The study also focused on marketing potential of NWFPs in livelihood improvement of the community. The methodology included using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. At the outset, quadrat and transect methods were applied to estimate inventory of NWFPs determining frequency, cover and density of important NWFPs. A well designed questionnaire was used as an instrument to quantify the contribution of NWFPs in economic status of the 200 respondents sampled from the study sites (100 from each district). The results of the study and projected modeling pertaining to socio-economic variables suggested that age, education, land holdings and income predicted significant involvement in collection, processing and storage of NWFPs. Most important NWFPs included, Gucchi (Morchella esculenta), Masloon (Polygonum alplexicaule), Atees Patrees (Aconitum heterophyllum) , Kuth (Saussurea lappa), Banafsha (Viola odorata) having pronounced impact on the livelihood of the forest dwellers. There were 82 % respondents involved in collection, perceived as most important NWFPs being useful for income and health curing. NWFP harvesting, processing and collection designated as family business. Exploitation of important NWFPs was mostly done manually; harvested quantities ranged below 01 kg and mainly utilized for domestic purposes. Most of the NWFP collection was done in August and September based on maturity period of the produce. Season and absence of relevant tools and lack of training led inhabitants harvest up to 1kg of the NWFP for domestic consumption and selling. Collection was mainly done in August and September except mushrooms which mature in March-April. Because of the primitive and manual methods employed there were losses incurred in collection, processing and storage of NWFPs. Marketing of NWFPs was another aspect needed due consideration, poor marketing did not allow real returns to reach respondents because of almost all selling of NWFPs to middlemen who in turn fetch lion’s share by transporting produce to retailer, whole sale dealers and to exporters. NWFPs are important in their contributions towards livelihoods of the respondents in that it increased income attainment, meet health expenses, provide medicine for family, help to repay loans, provide money for child education, used for household consumption, help to get credit and used for extending gifts and other benefits. Income attainment, meeting health expenses and medicinal uses of NWFPs, however, reported as major contributors towards livelihoods of the inhabitants. Deforestation had negative impacts on NWFP collection in that it reduced income, caused problems in regeneration and reforestation activities as well aided in floods prevalence and land sliding problems. The study concluded with emphasis on public private partnership in rendering sustainable harvesting, conservation and value addition of NWFP for greater profits and establishment of cottage industry for employment opportunities for youth and women. A need was felt for mechanism of market information and access of producer to all market chains. The study also made recommendations of extension strategies for popularization of NWFP harvesting technologies and value addition based on people perceptions, beliefs and socio-economic profile. Lastly, conservation efforts were needed to minimize negative effects of deforestation. Keywords: NWFPs; Livelihoods; Deforestation; Employment.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.