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مولوی عبدالحمید ندوی

مولوی عبدالحمید ندوی
یہ سطور ابھی پریس نہیں گئی تھیں کہ مولوی عبدالحمید ندوی کے انتقال کی خبر ملی، وہ بارہ بنکی کے ایک گاؤں جیسکھ پور کے رہنے والے تھے، بڑے مخلص، حق پسند اور بہی خواہ خلق تھے، ۱۹۱۹؁ء میں ندوہ میں داخل ہوئے، تحریک خلافت شباب پر تھی، حمید صاحب بھی اس سے متاثر ہوئے، اس کی وجہ سے سادگی طبیعت ثانیہ بن گئی، مولانا عبدالرحمن نگرامی کی صحبت نے ان کے اندر ندوہ کی محبت اور خاموش خدمت کا جذبہ پیدا کیا، تعلیم سے فراغت کے بعد قیام زیادہ تر وطن ہی میں رہا، لیکن ندوہ برابر آتے جاتے رہتے تھے، دوستوں کے اصرار کئی برس تک بھٹکل میں تعلیمی خدمت انجام دی، ان کے مخلص شاگردوں نے اس کام کو آگے بڑھایا اور ایک بڑا تعلیمی مرکز قائم ہوگیا، عرصہ سے دل کے مریض تھے، رمضان میں ندوہ آئے، مولانا ابوالحسن علی سے ملنے رائے بریلی جانے کا ارادہ تھا، دفعتہ دل کا دورہ پڑا اور تھوڑی دیر میں جان جان آفریں کے سپرد کردی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے اور ان کے صاحبزادہ مولوی عبدالرشید ندوی اور دوسرے متعلقین کو صبر جمیل عطا فرمائے۔ (عبد السلام قدوائی، ستمبر ۱۹۷۸ء)

 

Manjemen Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat Manjemen Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat

Dalam menjalankan organisasi sekolah, seorang pemimpin harus mampu mengemudikan dan menjalankan organisasinya. Artinya seorang pemimpin harus mampu membawa perubahan, karena perubahan adalah tujuan pokok dari kepemimpinan. Tujuan penelitian di antaranya untuk mendeskripsikan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif  dengan jenis deskriptif. Teknis pengumpulan data menggunakan tiga cara yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan mengikuti prosedur Reduksi data, Display data, dan kesimpulan Hasil dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa: Pertama, Gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat lebih dominan menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan dalam pengambilan keputusan yang mendesak, gaya kepemimpinan yang digunakan adalah gaya kepemimpinan otokrasi atau otoriter. Kedua, Kinerja guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat dapat dikatakan sangat baik dan tingkat tinggi karena dengan melihat kompetensi guru yang meliputi kompetensi paedagodik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial, dan kompetensi profesional. Ketiga, Manajemen kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan kinerja guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat dapat dikatakan sangat baik dengan menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan otoriter serta supervisi observasi kelas dalam kegiatan-kegiatan, yaitu kegiatan harian, mingguan, bulanan, dan semester.

Biotyping of Bemisia Tabaci and its Associated Endosymbionts from Punjab

Bemisia tabaci has been well documented as one of the most economically important emergent plant virus vectors, through serious feeding damage to its broad range of plant hosts to important agricultural crops. Among the crops cotton is an important cash crop of Pakistan. Pakistan is the fourth largest cotton producer country in the world. It holds importance to run the huge textile industry in Pakistan. Production of good quality cotton is affected by Cotton Leaf Curl disease in cotton producing areas of Pakistan, B. tabaci is an efficient vector of CLCuV, its ability to transmit disease varies with its genetic composition that may be determined by geography and climatic conditions of that location. There is an urgent need to unfold the secrets behind its diversity, but efforts to explore the genetic status of this insect were insufficient and inconsistent and multiple approaches are available to identify the species/biotype status of B. tabaci further add confusion to the situation. To evaluate the biotype of B. tabaci specific to this region was important. The purpose of this study was to provide information about the biotype and secondary endosymbiont distribution for B. tabaci populations in the Punjab. There are two parts of this study, the first part deals with the exploration of biotypes, the genetic and haplotype diversity among the COI sequences of B. tabaci of Punjab. The second part deals with the identification of 16S rDNA sequences of endosymbionts of B. tabaci, and its phylogenetic analysis. The geographical localization and variation in endosymbiont populations across the region were identified using a sequence-driven analysis of the population genetics of the secondary endosymbiont. Live field specimens were collected from 39 different locations among 16 districts of Punjab and preserved in Absolute ethanol for genetic studies. Previously established procedures were used to extract and purify total insect DNA from 3 individual whiteflies for each location. PCR was run with two sets of primers designed on two loci for the highly conserved whitefly Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for biotyping. The Bayesian phylogeny of COI sequences revealed the B. tabaci populations of Punjab belongs to Asia I genetic group. Out of all the 7 genetic clades of B. tabaci, it was observed that sequences of COI of this study grouped with the sequences from the neighbouring countries like China, India and Nepal in Asia I clade. Specimens were subjected to PCR amplification using the general 16S rDNA primers for the Portiera, Arsenophonus, Rickettsia, Cardinium and Wolbachia to amplify endosymbiont DNA. The ML trees of endosymbionts of B. tabaci showed that the endosymbionts strains detected in this study grouped with the previously reported endosymbionts and these endosymbionts found to be the other strains of known endosymbionts of B. tabaci from other parts of the world. Samples were sequenced using the Sanger method and the data analyzed to correlate the presence, prevalence and geographical distribution of endosymbionts in B. tabaci. Phylogenies were constructed to track evolutionary differences amongst the endosymbionts and insects and how they have influenced the evolution of the regional populations. Samples were characterized by differences in the genomes and endosymbionts distribution among the population of B. tabaci from Punjab.
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