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46. Al-Ahqaf /The Sand Dunes

46. Al-Ahqaf /The Sand Dunes

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

46:01
a. Ha. Mim.

46:02
a. The sending down of this Book – The Divine Qur’an - is from Allah.
b. The Almighty, The All-Wise.

46:03
a. WE did not create the celestial realm and the terrestrial world and whatever is between them, except for a purpose and for a specified time.
b. Yet those who disbelieve continue turning away from what they are warned about – coming of The Time of Final Judgment.

46:04
a. Say O The Prophet:
b. ‘Consider those who call on other entities apart from Allah.
c. Show me what part of the terrestrial world they have created?
d. Or do they have any partnership in the creation and maintenance of the celestial realm?
e. Bring me any form of a Scripture that came to you before this Qur’an, or any tradition of
Divine knowledge, if you are truthful.’

46:05
a. And who could be more astray/misguided than the one who calls on other entities apart from Allah-
b. those who will not respond to him even until the Time of Resurrection,
c. while they are not even aware of their being called on?

46:06
a. And when people are gathered together for the Final Judgment they – their worshipful entities - will become hostile to those who worshiped them,
b. and they are going to deny all acts of their worship.

46:07
a. But whenever OUR Messages in The Qur’an are recited to them in all their clarity,
b. those who...

انسانی دودھ کی خرید وفروخت اور رضاعت کے مسائل

This paper discusses the Islamic jurisprudence as well as the scientific stance regarding breast feeding. Breast feeding is a natural gift for a new born baby, which not only nourishes the infant but also provides great immunity to him. The new scientific research has clarified its importance by calling it the most essential element giving natural immunity that keeps a child healthy and free of diseases. Many developed countries have started “Human Milk Banks” as we have blood banks here. The Human Milk banks provide milk which is like natural food to deprived infants. By taking the milk from “Milk Banks” it creates serious moral and religious problems in the context of motherhood and family relations. This can even cause problems like declaring “Hurmat-e-Nikᾱḥ”. In this paper such issues are elaborated in the light of Qur’an, Sunnah and Islamic jurisprudence.

Cultural Barriers in Accessing Maternal Health Care Service in Malakand Pakistan

Accessibility to maternal health care does not only reduce maternal mortality and complications among women rather it is one of the basic reproductive human rights of women which should be ensured to women all over the world. The present research mainly focuses to identify all those gender-based cultural perceptions and prevailing unwritten customary laws which not only restrict women from accessing maternal health care services but contribute to high maternal mortality in Malakand Pakistan (PDHS, 2012) which is one of the areas in Pakistan with high MMRs. In this study maternal health care as dependent variable is categorized as ANC services, institutional delivery and postpartum services while the independent variables are categorized as sociodemographic characteristics, subordinate position of women in Pakhtun families, Pakhtun family’s perception toward maternal health care of women and decision making at household level. The data was collected by using mix method. A questionnaire was designed following the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey questionnaire with to include the cultural aspect while WHO verbal autopsy instrument was adopted for studying maternal death cases. Through quantitative data 503 respondents were interviewed while in qualitative data two FGD one each with men and women was conducted. Family members of four maternal death cases were interviewed in the research area. The researcher used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression test in order to assess the association between outcome (maternal health) and independent variables. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis shows that prevalence and practice of un-written customary laws and practices among Pakhtun had a significant relationship with access to maternal health care among women in the study area. In both bivariate and multivariate analysis it is found that socio-cultural as well as some of the basic socio-demographic factors were strongly associated with maternal health care access. Among the major findings it was statistically drawn that the women have subordinate position in the family and men are the key decision makers regarding women’s access to maternal health care and they restrict women within the domestic sphere utilize maternal health care services from unskilled persons. The situation is not only statistically significant rather FGD also supports the statistical results. Key recommendation of the study is to include detailed cultural and gender based questions in studies conducted by different agencies on maternal health, as well as mainstreaming of men in all kinds of programmes and awareness campaigns designed for improving maternal health as they are the key decision makers regarding women’s access to and utilization of maternal health care services.
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