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ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمدکی تدوین نگاری

ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد کی تدوین نگاری
تخلیق اور تدوین کا رشتہ ازلی اور ابدی ہے۔تخلیق کی افادیت سے اسی وقت بہرہ مند ہواجا سکتا ہے جب وہ منظر عام پر آجائے ۔ تدوین کار ہی ایک ایسا شخص ہوتا ہے جو تخلیق کو ماضی کے گم گشتہ اوراق سے حال کے اُجالوں میں لے آتا ہے۔ یوں لوگ اس فن پارے کی قدرومنزلت ، فکری علویت اور فنی معراج سے حظ اُٹھانے کے لیے تدوین کار کے مرہونِ منت ہوتے ہیں۔اگر تدوین کا عمل معطل کردیا جائے تو کچھ عرصے بعد ادبی تاریخ بھی تعطل کا شکار ہو جائے گی اور نئی نسل کے لیے اس خلا کو پُرکرنا مشکل ہو جائے گا۔نعتیہ ادب کی روایت کے شعبہ تدوین میں ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد کانام ایک درخشندہ ستارے کی طرح تابناک نظر آتا ہے۔ اُنھوں نے نعتیہ ادب کے چند بڑے ناموں کے کلیات مرتب کرکے نعتیہ روایت کو جس طرح تقویت فراہم کی ہے وہ یقینا ایک کارنامہ سرانجام دینے سے کم نہیں۔ ’’کلیات ریاض سہروردی، کلیات شاہ انصار الٰہ آبادی، ارمغانِ ریاض سہروردی، خوشبوئے ادیب، مقصودِ کائنات ، قصیدہ رسولِ تہامی، حرف حرف خوشبو، نزول، ساقی کوثر ، جشنِ آمد رسولؐ ، کلیاتِ عزیزالدین خاکی اور کلیات صبیح رحمانی‘‘اُن کے نمائندہ کاموں میں سے ہیں اور یہ سلسلہ ابھی جاری ہے۔
کلیات ریاض سہروردی
علامہ ریاض سہروردی کو اللہ رب العزت نے بہت ساری نعمتوں سے نوازا ہے۔ کوئی بھی شخص ہو جب وہ اپنے آپ کو اللہ اور رسول پاک صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہٖ وسلم کی ثنا کے لیے وقف کردیتا ہے تو اللہ پاک بھی ایسے بندے کو خا ص لوگوں میں شمار کرلیتا ہے۔ انھیں میں سے ایک حضرت ریاض سہروردی ہیں جو بیک وقت نعت خواں، نعت گو، عالم دین صوفی مشرب، مریدو خدمت گزار، معلم ومدرس، مولف کتب، بانیِ...

Jenkins’ Deliberations on Communal Conflict with the Leaders of Punjab: 1946-47 (Part-II)

Bhim Sen Sacher informed Jenkins about the destruction caused by arson in Lahore. Akbari Mandi, Chune Mandi, Chauhatta Basti, Bhagat Singh Basti, Kucha Kagzian and Pipal Vehra had been burnt down. The fire brigade could not cope with those vast and dispersed areas. If someone tried to extinguish the fire he was shot at by the police. Bhim Sen Sachar suggested that the only way to save Lahore was to impose martial law in the city. He hoped that the Governor would take that step immediately.64 Jenkins thanked Lala Bhim Sen Sachar and Gokul for their letters informing him about Lahore. Jenkins explained that fire brigade had done a good job in spite of constraints and difficulties. He believed that all communities had access to incendiary materials, and could use it without detection by traversing joined roof-tops. Throwing fire-balls from one house to another was wreaking devastation. Checking trouble of that kind was not an easy job, but searches were carried out and culprits were arrested.6

Functioning of Judiciary in Pakistan: A Study of Musharraf Regime

The objective of this study is to highlight the functioning of superior judiciary in Pakistan. Main focus has been given on Musharraf regime 1999-2008. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, constitutional law was inherited in legacy from the British. Not long after partition from India in 1947, Pakistan was thrown into a Constitutional crisis. In the constitutions of 1956, 1962 and the 1973, the Superior Courts have been granted the power to judicially reviewed legislation as well as executive actions to ensure the enforcement of fundamental rights. However, Pakistan‘s Superior Courts have been reluctant to challenge the executive, and has not invalidated any major legislation on account of inconformity with these rights and provisions. Rather, some of the basic principles of the 1973 Constitution, including federalism and judicial independence, have been compromised by the weakness of the judiciary. Successive governments played politics with the judiciary and denied it its rightful place as a pillar of the state. All governments retained coercive powers with the executive for reasons of administrative convenience. Civil and military governments make favourable amendments in the constitution to sustain their power. The courts gave successive civil and military authoritarian governments some kind of de facto and dejure validity. Due to such decisions of judiciary it became a very controversial and weak institution. The October 1999 coup of General Pervez Musharraf and the suspension of the 1973 Constitution and the imposition of emergency were validated by the judiciary under the law of necessity. The military take over put the judiciary under pressure. Chief Justics, IftikharChaudhry, took some bold steps of public interest litigation which was seen as a threat to his military rule and as a result, he was deposed by Musharraf. But the judiciary tried to reverse the trend through judicial activism and challenged the extra-constitutional steps of the military dictator. This was a sensational episode in the judicial history of Pakistan. A countrywide lawyers‘ movement was launched for the restoration of judiciary and the end of military rule. The movement succeeded in the restoration of the judiciary and the culmination of military rule. This can be termed as the re-emergence of judiciary in a military led political environment.
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