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107. Al-Ma'un/Small Kindnesses
107. Al-Ma'un/Small Kindnesses
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
107:01
a. Have you ever considered the one who denies and belies the coming of the Time of
Resurrection and Final Judgment?
107:02
a. He is the one who pushes away and mistreats the orphan,
107:03
a. and does not encourage or motivate others in feeding and clothing the needy.
107:04
a. So woe to those who Pray just out of custom,
107:05
a. but who – they are knowingly unmindful of the meanings and demands of their Salat//
Prayers,
107:06
a. who – they do some good but wish to be noticed and be considered pious and reverent,
107:07
a. and yet refuse to extend the smallest of kindness to ordinary people.
STRATEGI PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA PADA SEKOLAH ISLAM TERPADU
This study discusses the strategy of strengthening religious education in Qurrota A'yun Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) in Marawola Subdistrict, Sigi Regency, with the problem is how the model of religious education learning in Qurrota A'yun Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) in Marawola Subdistrict, Sigi Regency. What is the strategy of strengthening religious education in the Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) Qurrota A’yun Marawola District Sigi Regency. This study used qualitative research methods. The research results are a model of religious education learning in SDIT Qurrota A’yun is to implement an integrated curriculum, namely between religious and general subjects, where the curriculum is designed by integrating Islamic values in learning activities. While the strategy of strengthening religious education at SDIT Qurrota A’yun was carried out in two activities namely learning and habituation. Learning activities are carried out through curricular learning and extracurricular learning.Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Phytotoxicity of Allelochemicals from Cock’S Comb Celosia Argentea
Laboratory experiments were conducted to screen plants i.e. Celosia argentea, Celosia cristata, Mirabilis jalapa, Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera, Ziziphus jujuba, Ziziphus mauritiana, Delonix regia, Morus alba, Albizia procera and Albizia lebbek, for their allelopathic potency on Lepidium sativum. Maximum inhibition (97%) to root elongation was observed at 10% concentration of Celosia argentea extract; however, Mangifera indica at 10% concentration totally inhibited the germination of seeds. On the basis of results of present studies and literature survey, Celosia argentea was selected for further study. Different concentrations of Celosia argentea parts i.e. roots, stem, leaves and flowers were compared for their; (a) allelopathic potential (b) total phenolic contents and (c) individual phenolic compounds through Mass Spectrometry (MS). Based on literature survey and present studies, leaves of Celosia argentea were selected for isolation, purification and identification of herbicidal compounds using bioassay guided isolation method. Solvent extraction method using different solvents and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) method using different solvent systems were optimized.Finally, two types of extraction methods i.e. aqueous and methanolic extractions were used. Aqueous and methanol extracts were partitioned with n-hexane, then with ethyl acetate and the remaining extracts were divided into two parts. One part of each extract was subjected to acid hydrolysis to release the phenolic compounds from sugar moieties and then extracted with ethyl acetate, while second part was lyophilized. All the organic solvents were evaporated and residues were dissolved in methanol to prepare 4000 ppm solutions and were used for bioassay study against Lepidium sativum. The highest inhibition of seed germination (100%) was caused by acid hydrolyzed and ethyl acetate fractions followed by lyophilized fraction. Fractions with inhibitory potency i.e. ethyl acetate, acid hydrolyzed and lyophilized fractions were used for analysis through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). More than 60 compounds including quercetin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin pentose glucuronide, gallic acid, gallic acid 4-O-glucoside, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, pholoroglucinol, phloroglucinol glucoside, m-coumaric acid, catechol etc. were identified as allelopathic agents. Most inhibitory fractions i.e. ethyl acetate and acid hydrolyzed fractions of methanolic extract were further divided into five fractions through Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography. Different concentrations of five fractions that were obtained from this separation were subjected to bioassay study against Lepidium sativum. The active fractions i.e. F2 and F5 were further separated on Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography in order to purify individual compounds. Active compounds were then analyzed with LCMS and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). To our knowledge compounds such as 3,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, p-coumaric acidwere first time identified as herbicidal compounds in Celosia argentea. In addition to this work, Mirabilis jalapa, Mangifera indica, Delonix regia, Morus alba and Moringa oleifera leaves were also subjected to bioassay guided isolation method and active fractions were analyzed for allelopathic compounds using HPLC and MS.Journals by Discipline
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