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خواجہ محمد علی شاہ رحمانی

خواجہ محمد علی شاہ رحمانی
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ جون میں’’برہان‘‘کے خاص مضمون نگار اوررفیق خواجہ محمد علی شاہ صاحب رحمانی کی سہارنپور میں وفات ہوگئی۔مرحوم کی صحت عرصے سے ٹھیک نہیں تھی اس کے باوجود علمی ریسرچ کے کاموں میں لگے رہتے تھے۔ دارالعلوم دیوبند اور مظاہرالعلوم سہارنپور کے ممتازفاضل تھے۔السنۂ مشرقیہ کی بھی بہت سی ڈگریاں ان کے پاس تھیں۔اکابر دیوبند خاص طورپر حضرت الاستاذ علامہ سید محمد انورشاہ صاحب کشمیریؒ اورحضرت مولانا شبیر احمد صاحب عثمانی مرحوم سے والہانہ تعلق رکھتے تھے اوران حضرات کی علمی خصوصیات پران کی گہری نظر تھی۔ پختہ استعداد، واضح العقیدہ مسلمان تھے۔طبیعت میں قناعت اور خودداری کاجوہر نمایاں تھا۔پوری زندگی گوشہ نشینی اور خدمت علم میں بسر کردی۔ جس روزان کی رحلت ہوئی اسی روز کچھ دیر کے بعد ان کے والد ماجد کاسانحہ ارتحال پیش آگیا۔ان کے والد صاحب خانقاہ رحمانی سہارنپور کے سجادہ نشین تھے اور عوام ان سے فیض حاصل کرتے تھے۔رحمھما اﷲ رحمۃ واسعۃ۔
[ستمبر۱۹۶۷ء]

 

اجماع کی اہمیت شریعت اسلامی کی روشنی میں

Ijmāʿ is an important mode of Ijtihād and well known principle of Islamic Sharʿiah. Historically it is evident that incidence of Ijmāʿ )Consensus( restricted only to four Caliphates of Islam only. This Collective Ijtihād and Collective Opinion was actually the decision of the Islamic State followed and obeyed by the all Muslims specially by "Ṣaḥābah" (Companions of the Holy Prophet), this is why it is called Ijmāʿ-e- Ṣaḥābah. These decisions were applicable and binding to all Muslims living elsewhere in the world, because at that time there was centralized ruling system (Khilāfat-e-Wāḥidah). Now Muslim world has split into many states, so every state has its own decision making institutions and hence such Ijtihād and Ijmāʿ, Islamic Legislation Activities should be validated within those states as Ijtihād and Ijmāʿ except issues relevant to general interest as whole human being and all Muslims. In such issues International level consensus of Islamic Jurists would be required. "Ijmāʿ", actually it is the same processes. More over any "Ijmāʿ" held in a time period can be revoked by any new situation in future as per requirement of the time. It is the inevitable demand of dynamism of Islam to correlate it to every need of the time.

Mathematical Study for Stagnation Point Flows of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

Non-Newtonian °uids feature in an extensive range of industrial and technological applica- tions including polymer processing, biotechnology, lubrication of aerospace and automotive vehicles and Nuclear thermo-hydraulics. Moreover, oblique stagnation point °ows have at- tracted some attention in recent years as they generalize the models used by engineers to include all possible angle of impingement of industrial °ows on solid surfaces. Motivated by simulating non-Newtonian multi-physical transport phenomena, the present thesis is devoted to the mathematical modeling, computation and subsequent physical analysis for non-orthogonal stagnation °ow of various type of °uid models namely Casson °uid model, Je®rey °uid model and Oldroyd-B °uid model which is a generalization of the upper con- vected Maxwell model. The governing equations for mass, linear momentum, heat (en- ergy) and concentration are modeled and then transformed by using applicable similarity conversions. The emerging strongly coupled nonlinear non-dimensional boundary value problems are solved with robust well-tested Runge-Kutta Fehlberg numerical quadrature and a shooting technique with tolerance level of 10¡5 and Keller box method, validation with Adomian decomposition method is also included. Comparison with the previous ex- isting published literature is also made and a very good agreement between the results is observed for limiting case. An extensive parametric study has been conducted to evaluate heat, momentum and concentration characteristics for the aforementioned °uid models. Mathematical modeling of these non-Newtonian models is presented with various physical e®ects such as mixed convection, thermal radiation, MHD, homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions and incorporation of nano°uids and micro-organisms. Results for physical quan- tities such as local skin friction, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are depicted through graphs and tabular form. The obtained graphical results are discussed physically in a lucid manner. The result provides interesting insights into certain nuclear reactor x transport phenomena and furthermore a benchmark for more general CFD simulations. The present work retain signi¯cant validity in actual coating °ows and generalizes the conventional orthogonal case to the industrially relevant scenario of oblique °ow.
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