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نور حسین نور میواتی

نور حسین نور میواتی(۱۹۴۵ء۔پ) چوہان کی ریاست الور(بھارت) کے علاقہ سپوات میں پیدا ہوئے ۔ قیام پاکستان کے بعد ان کے والدین بھارت سے ہجرت کر کے موضع رام رائیاں تحصیل ڈسکہ میں آباد ہو گئے۔ (۱۰۰۴) نور میواتی نظم گو اور غزل گو شاعرہیں۔ ان کے ہاں روایت اور جدت کا امتزاج ملتا ہے۔ وہ طبقاتی تفاوت کے خلاف اپنی شاعری میں نفرت آمیز احتجاج کی صدا بلند کرتے نظر آتے ہیں۔ ان کے ہاں سیاسی اور سماجی شعور بھی ملتا ہے۔ انھیں بھوک، غربت، جبر ،اقربا پروری اور نا انصافی سے نفرت ہے۔ وہ اپنی شاعری میں ظلم و ستم ،بد امنی ،خوف ،دہشت گردی اور منافقت سے بھر پور استحصالی نظام کے خلاف صدائے احتجاج بلند کرتے نظر آتے ہیں:

رہتے ہیں شب و روز دھماکوں کے جہاں میں

 

ہر صبح نئی آہ و بکا دیکھ رہا ہوں

 

مکتب میں سیاست کی ہوا دیکھ رہا ہوں

 

قانون کو پاؤں میں دبا دیکھ رہا ہوں

 

â۱۰۰۵)

نور میواتی کی شاعری مبالغہ آرائی سے پاک ہے ۔وہ ایک حقیقت پسند انسان اور فنکار ہیں۔ وہ اپنی فن کاری میں حقیقت اور حق گوئی کو نظر انداز نہیں کر تے۔ سچائی اور صداقت ان کی شاعری کی ایک اہم خوبی ہے۔ انسانی زندگی غم اور خوشی کا مجموعہ ہے۔ ایسا نہیں کہ جس کے پاس غم ہے اس کے پاس خوشی نہیں اور ایسا بھی نہیں کہ جس کا دامن خوشیوں سے بھرا ہووہ غم سے دو چار نہیں ہوتا۔ میواتی انسان کی زندگی کی تلخ حقیقت کو جا بجا اپنی شاعری میں بیان کرتے ہیں:

گلوں کے دیس میں کانٹے بھی مہک جاتے ہیں

 

فضائے برق میں غنچے بھی دہک جاتے ہیں

 

â۱۰۰۶)

 

 

 

...

Comparative Analysis of Municipal Powers in Karachi

This study aims to draw a comparative analysis of the powers of local governments in Karachi. The subject of local government structure and its authority has become more important in the current local scenario. The findings of the study reveal that in past successive civilian governments in Pakistan did not pay attention to developing a solid local government system and instead preferred controlling districts and tehsils through the bureaucracy, with the absence of democracy and accountability at the local level. Instead of using this third tier of the government for the delivery of swift and better municipal services, they always made an effort to keep them weakened through legislation at different levels. The situation has now got worst in the biggest city and economic hub of Pakistan where people are deprived of basic facilities due to a handicapped system. The Mayor of the biggest city of Pakistan felt powerless as the provincial government through the Sindh Local Government Act 2013 deprived the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation of its main functions. The local bodies will have to be given the authority and essential powers. Only then these institutions can be made capable of providing basic services to the people.

Natural Infestationof Rice Bug Leptocorisa Oratorius Hemiptera: Alydidae on Seed Viability, Yield and Quality of Oryza Sativa Crop in Vehari

Research was conducted on rice crop to see the impact of rice bug Leptocorisa oratorius on yield, quality and crop value at adoptive research station Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan. The studies showed that L. oratorius attacks on rice plant and produce unfilled grains. During research process, the infestation level of rice bug was observed on four rice varieties, Basmati-385, 11 Basmati-386, Basmati-2000 and Super-Basmati to see the effect of rice bug on rice plant and percentage of damaged rice plants were also observed. Results have shown that in potential grain loss, maximum 420 grains were damaged at 6 levels in Basmati-2000 while minimum were recorded 210 grains/30 days of intervals in Basmati-386. While the effect of bug on grain yield produced was maximum and 37% unfilled grains with bug?s density and maximum loss was occurred 11% at level 9 and maximum grains were present 475/m at 0 levels. Similarly maximum 100 grains weights were found in Basmati-386. Grain % with feeding sheath was recorded 85% in Basmati-385 and Basmati-2000 while 65% in Basmati-386 and maximum 95% seed germination was found in Basmati-2000 at 0 levels and minimum 31% at 9 levels. It was observed that L. oratorius nourished on rice plant and formed empty and incompletely filled grains. At the same degree of invasion, Basmati-386 and Super-Basmati had greater harvest, less injured grain, and more growth amounts than Basmati-2000, Basmati-385 in which rice bug were attacked more and these plants allowed rice bug nourishment. Results have shown that rice bug L. oratorius attacks on rice plant and nourished on fluid of stem and seed of rice. Rice bug mainly attacks at flowering and milky stage of spikelets. It was observed that when rice bug attacks on rice plant, 21% of rice yield reduced by rice bug L. oratorius in calculation to poor grain yield and low development percentage
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