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نیاز ؔفتح پوری

نیاز فتح پوری
گزشتہ مہینہ نیاز فتح پوری کی وفات اکیاسی (۸۱) سال کی عمر میں کراچی میں ہوگئی، معارف کو ان کی پچھلی زندگی میں ان کے بعض دلآزار مذہبی مضامین سے بڑا اختلاف رہا، لیکن انھوں نے اظہار انابت کرکے آخر میں مذہبی دلآزادی چھوڑ دی تھی، ان کے علمی ذوق میں بڑی رنگارنگی تھی، رسالہ نگار کے اڈیٹر ہونے کے ساتھ، مذہب تاریخ، سوانح، ناول نگاری، افسانہ نویسی اور شعر و ادب پر بھی طبع آزمائی کرتے رہے اپنے بعض مذہبی مضامین کی وجہ سے تو مطعون ہوئے، اچھے مورخ اور اچھے سوانح نگار بھی نہ ہوسکے، لیکن ان کا نام اچھے ناول نگار عمدہ افسانہ نویس اور شعرو ادب کے بلندپایہ نقاد کی حیثیت سے اردو زبان کی تاریخ میں خصوصیت کے ساتھ برابر لیا جائے گا، وہ اپنے رسالہ نگار کے ذریعہ جو علمی و ادبی خدمت انجام دیتے رہے وہ بھی ان کے اہم کارناموں میں شمار ہوگا، دعا ہے کہ اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ ان کی کمزوریوں کو اپنے دامن عفو میں جگہ دیں اور ان کو اپنی رحمت و مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائیں، آمین۔
(صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، جون ۱۹۶۶ء)

 

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Behavior of Bacterial Isolates from Different Clinical Samples at Nishtar Hospital Multan

The pathogenic bacteria are getting resistant to antibiotics is significantly growing in the developing countries of the world including Pakistan. The present study was designed to find the basic study on resistance among the patients coming to the Nishtar Hospital, Multan. The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Total 387 clinical samples of urine, pus, high vaginal swab (HVS) and wound were surveyed for the existence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. For these bacterial isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed. E. Coli was the most prevalent isolates followed by Staphylococcus aureusand Pseudomonas. E. Coli was predominated in urine, pus, HVS and wound specimens. Occurance of Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Candida and Pseudomonas were 7.9 %, 3.9 %, 14.7 % and 1.4 % respectively among the clinical specimens. E. Coli shows highest resistance to Linezolid (98.3%) followed by Ceftrizone (90.8%), Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim (85%), Moxifloxacin (82.5%). High frequency of resistance specifies that there is an unremitting requirement of surveillance of resistance behaviour of antimicrobial agents in our study is to investigate the trend of this problem.

Purification and Characterization of Levansucrase from Newly Isolated Strain of Zymomonas Mobilis

In all stages of biochemical and metabolism reactions, the enzymes play major role as biocatalysts. In industrial utilization, microbial enzymes are predominant as compared with other natural and synthetic enzymes. Isolation, production, characterization as well as applications of several microbial enzymes have continuously progressed in bioindustry. The current study covers the hyper production and purification of levansucrase from Zymomonas mobilis KIBGE-IB14. This bacterial isolate could be a plausible candidate for different biotechnological and industrial processes. Preliminary step presented the screening of bacterial isolate. Production of maximum levansucrase resulted in the selection of Z. mobilis KIBGE-IB14 among different microbial species. The manipulation of different fermentation parameters enhanced the yield of levansucrase and higher titers of enzyme was achieved by using sucrose (15%) as a substrate with pH-6.5 at 30°C for 24 hours. In case of chemical parameters, yeast extract (1.0%), peptone (0.2%), K2HPO4 (1.5%) and CaCl2.2H2O (0.01%) were found to be the most suitable macro and micronutrients. Different precipitating agents including ammonium sulphate, ethanol and PEG 4000 were used for the partial purification of levansucrase. Ammonium sulphate was selected as a suitable precipitating agent among all precipitants. Gradient precipitation by ammonium sulphate (50%) resulted in 1.6 times increase in purification of levansucrase. After desalting, the final purifcation of levansucrase was achieved using Sepharose CL-6B chromatographic system which purified the enzyme upto 12.13 fold with 1.77% yield. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and zymography revealed that the apparent molecular weight of purified levansucrase from Z. mobilis KIBGE-IB14 was approximately 130.0 kDa. The catalytic performance of levansucrase during kinetic analysis was observed in 100.0 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH-6.0) after 5.0 minutes of incubation with a Vmax and Km values of 21381 U mg -1 and 0.02308 moles L -1 , respectively. Levansucrase quite stable at 25°C and 35 °C as the enzyme retained its activity approximately 83% and 92% for 120 minutes, respectively. Storage stability of levansucrase suggested that the enzyme was stable at -80°C up to 180 days with the residual activity of 94%. Some of the metal ions including K + , Na + , Cs + , Ba +2 , Ca +2 , Cu +2 , Mg +2 and Mn +2 accelerated the activity of levansucrase at 1.0 mM concentration whereas, other metal ions including Co +2 , Hg +2 , Fe +3 and Al +3 showed an inhibitory effect on enzyme activity. In the case of organic solvents, isopropanol (1.0 mM) acted as an activator while, at 10.0 mM concentration of DMSO, formaldehyde and chloroform were found to be inhibitors. Non-ionic surfactants (Triton X-100, Tween-20 and Tween-80) did not have any significant effect on levansucrase activity whereas, anionic detergent (SDS) exhibited a slight inhibition. Amino acid analysis of levansucrase from KIBGE-IB14 revealed that this enzyme is a combination of non-polar (Proline, Alanine and Valine), polar (Glycine and Tryptophan) and basic amino acids (Lysine and Arginine). To summarize the whole research study, it makes evident that an improved kinetic analysis and successful purification system for levansucrase has been developed. The present investigation provides amino acid composition of levansucrase which could be used as a preliminary data for its molecular characterization. Thus, it is concluded that the titer and performance of levansucrase biosynthesized by Z. mobilis KIBGE-IB14 has been enhanced and it could be used for a wider range of applications in many industrial bioprocesses.
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