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افراد کے ہاتھوں میں اقوام کی تقدیر

افراد کے ہاتھوں میں ہے اقوام کی تقدیر
قوم کسی پتھر کا نام نہیں ہے ،کسی ویرانے میں کھڑے درخت کا نام نہیں ہے کسی بہتی ہوئی ندی کا نام نہیں ہے، کسی لہلہاتے ہوئے کھیت کا نام نہیں ہے، قوم افراد کے مجموعے کو کہتے ہیں ۔قو میں بنتی ہیں اور قومیں بگڑتی بھی ہیں، قو میں سنورتی بھی ہیں اور قومیں بر بادبھی ہوتی ہیں کبھی قو میں تنزلی کا شکار ہوتی ہیں اورکبھی ترقی کی معراج پر فائز ہوکر دنیا میں ایک منفرد مقام حاصل کرتی ہیں۔
اقوام کے بگاڑنے اور سنوارنے میں افراد کا ہاتھ ہوتا ہے کیونکہ فرد قوم کی ایک اکائی ہے، اکا ئی ایک جُز ہوتا ہے اور جُز سے اجزاء بنتے ہیں اور پھر یہ اجزاء مل کر ایک قوم کی شکل اختیار کر جاتے ہیں۔ اقوام کی قسمت اور تقدیر افرادہی کے ہاتھوں میں ہوتی ہے، اگر افراد پڑھے لکھے ہیں تو قوم پڑھی لکھی ہے اور اگر افراد ان پڑھ اور گنوار ہیں توپھر قوم بھی اسی طرح کی ہوتی ہے۔
علامہ اقبال رحمۃ اللہ علیہ اپنے اس مِصْرَعَہَ میں اپنی قوم کی تقدیر کے بارے میں اظہارِ خیال اس طرح کرتے ہیں کہ اگر ایک شخص ہاتھ پر ہاتھ دھرے بیٹھار ہے اور بے عملی کا شکار ہو تساہل اور غفلت اس کی عادت ثانیہ بن چکی ہو تو وہ اپنی قوم کے لیے کوئی قابلِ قدر خدمات سرانجام نہیں دے سکتا۔ اس نے قوم کی تقدیر کو بدلنے کے لیے اپنارول ادا کرنا ہے۔ کوئی فلکی مخلوق نہیں آئے گی کہ اس کے حالات بدل دے۔ اس لیے خودتگ و دو کرنا پڑے گی ، بستر استراحت کو چھوڑنا پڑے گا، زرق برق لباس زیب تن کر کے نمودونمائش کے بت کو پاش پاش کرنا پڑے گا، خلوص دل سے اپنے ملک وقوم کے لیے...

Principles of Effective Management according to Quran and Sunnah

The aim of this conceptual paper is throw light on Islamic principles for effective human resource management. A qualitative approach was applied. The extensive review of existing literature shows that Islamic principles of HRM gives due importance to manager-employee relationship which is beneficial for achieving organizational objectives. Some important and significant principles of Islamic human resource management are trust, sincerity, justice, consultation, equality, division of labour, delegation of authority and remuneration or payment of employees. Islamic management is based on mutual trust between managers and subordinates. Manager and worker should be sincere to organization. Selection and recruitment is based on merit. Justice is the most salient and important characteristics of Islamic management. Islam stresses on mutual consultation in order to resolve existing problem in the organization. Islamic principles of management are expected to benefit the organization, the employer and the employee. The study will contribute information and knowledge to the existing literature on Islamic human resource management. This study will highlight the scope and application of Islamic principles of HRM in developing effective management system.

Software Maintenance Prediction: An Architecture Perspective

Every successful software product is required to be maintained at some later stage of its life cycle. This maintenance is constrained in different ways by its cost, lead-time, and quality. These constraints are not always straightforward enough to be precisely quantified and understood. If a company can predict the maintenance in advance it can plan its business accordingly. This can be attributed to software engineer’s ability to model the predicted maintenance effort required early in the development cycle. The customers now have keen interest in software quality requirements (i.e. quality attributes (QAs)), like maintainability, reliability, performance, and flexibility too. Therefore, the maintenance may be required from the product’s functionality or its quality point of view. Software architecture is an excellent vehicle to showcase the changes, especially related to QAs that take place over the time. The QAs are interlinked with each other that make the maintenance effort estimation more complex. Unless, we have effective maintenance profiles maintained from very early in the development cycle, it is quite difficult to achieve quality according to customer satisfaction. In this thesis, efforts have been made to identify mechanisms which ensure early maintenance prediction. Software architecture, in our opinion, is one such artifact which can effectively be used to address the above mentioned problems. Software architecture has assumed greater significance over the past two decades as an artifact which not only plays vital role in development of quality software but also in its maintenance and up gradation. In this thesis a methodology for prediction of software system’s maintenance based upon their software architecture design has been defined. As a secondary step the thesis also presents a complete methodology for ripple effect analysis based on quality attribute in order to cover the maintenance of software quality in addition to its functionality. The proposed method enables us to predict the overall maintenance effort quite early in the software development life cycle and provides an insight whether the components will remain consistent after the change or it will be come fluent and inconsistent. The proposed method can also help in better understandability of the software and consequently more reliable early planning.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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