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1 سلطان باہو شخصیت تے فن

سلطان باہوؒ-شخصیت تے فن

                جنہاں شاعراں نے پنجابی شاعری نوں اپنے اظہار دا وسیلہ قرار دتا۔ اوہناں دی ابتدا پاک پتن والے بابا فرید گنج شکر نے کیتی تے پھیر اوہناں دی دسی ہوئی راہ تے بہت سارے چل پئے جہناں وچوں اک ناں سلطان باہو دا وی اے۔

                سلطان باہو دے ابیات ول نظر مارنے آن تے ایہناں دی مٹھی تے من کچھویں زبان دے نال نال ایہناں دی سرمدی کیفیت پڑھن والے نوں اک انوکھی جیہی روحانی کیفیت توں دوچار کردی وکھالی دیندی اے۔ ایس دی وجہ جانن لئی ساہنوں سلطان باہو دی حیاتی اتے اک اجمالی جیہی نظر پانی پوے گی۔

                سلطان باہو شور کوٹ ضلع شورکوٹ جھنگ دے  اک پنڈ ’’اعوان ۱۰۳۹ ہجری مطابق ۱۶۲۸ء نوں پیدا ہوئے تے ۱۱۰۶ ہجری نوں ۶۳ ورہیاں دی عمر وچ وصال فرمایا آپ دے والد حضرت بازید بڑے متقی، عالم تے حافظ قرآن ہون دے نال نال مغل فوج دے چنگے عہدے دار سن۔ آکھیا جاندا اے کہ اوہناں دی بہادری پاروں شاہ جہان نے شورکوٹ ضلع جھنگ دے نیڑے اک پنڈ ’’قہرگان‘‘ وچ کوئی ۵۰ ہزار وگھے زمین...

اسلامی ریاست میں داخلی استحکام کے لیے مرکز اور صوبوں کے تعلقات

There is a dire need of an experienced and authoritative mechanism in the polity of Islām in order to run the affairs of the state in a benefiting manner. This mechanism divides the state into different regions and provinces so as to carry out the affairs of the state in an organized way. These provinces must be founded on some administrative basis, not on racial, lingual or regional grounds. It is necessary that these units are autonomous as far as authority and power is concerned. It will help eradicate parochial differences and strengthen integrity of a country. It is essential to keep up and safeguard the freedom and the rights of these units. We can get our desired objectives, if legal and constitutional safeguards are meted out to these administrative units of the state. According to ‘Allāmah Ibn Khaldūn’s point of view, it is imperative to strengthen a state instead of expanding it. There must be small but integrated autonomous units of the state. Such division helps these units to progress and prosper. The golden principle of power distribution is in vogue in all eras, although its structure has been different and varied. In this article, we are going to view the structure of distribution in the perspective in an Islamic state

Potential of Neoseiulus Barkeri Acari: Phytoseiidae in Integration With Synthetic and Plant Origin Pesticides Against Bemisia Tabaci Aleyrodidae Homoptera and Tetranychus Urticae Acari: Tetranychidae

Insects and mite pests are considered as major constraints for getting higher crop yields per unit area. Demands of toxic free food and safer ecosystem compelled the scientists to use Phytoseiids for the control of these sucking pests. The present study was therefore, carried out to determine the potential of local strain Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in the Acarology Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Predatory potential revealed that it fed efficiently on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and preferred to feed on immature and eggs while the adults were less likely preferred. It was less efficient feeder of white fly, Bemisia tabaci (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) and exhibited poor life table parameters. It was confirmed that it fed on immatures of white fly than eggs. Different crop pollens and artificial diets were tested and confirmed that cotton pollen was unsuitable for it, because its life cycle was not completed on this pollen. Rose, caster bean and maize pollens were superior diets showed higher growth/longevity, fecundity and values of life table parameters and pepper, alfalfa, citrus, sarsoon and tomato pollens were moderately better while sunflower pollen was poor diet. Artificial diet comprising of 20% (w/w) pupal hemolymph of silkworm was superior while other diet were inferior. For screening safer pesticides bioassay at different dose rates declared that dimethoate was highly hazardous while thiacloprid, chlorfenapyr were moderately harmful, acetamiprid, diafenthiuron, spirotetramate, hexithiazox were slightly harmful and pyriproxyfen, buprofezin, imidacloprid were harmless. Glycine max and Azadirachta indica seed oils were less toxic due to minimum mortality and higher antioxidant activities at minimum tested dose rates while eucalyptus oil was highly toxic. Biofilm inhibition of tested oils indicated low value against Gram negative E. coli and high for Gram positive Bacillus subtilus bacteria. Results advocate opportunity of declaring compatible plant origin pesticides for N. barkeri along with antioxidant properties and safer for humans and non-target organisms. N. barkeri can be used as promising biocontrol agent of T. urticae while comparatively less effective predator of B. tabaci. It can be reared on selective pollens and artificial diets and can be used in integration with safer chemical and plant origin pesticides in IPM module. It is base line study first time done in Pakistan which will be helpful for upcoming researchers. However, further investigations under semi field and field conditions may reveal more comprehensive results.
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