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احمد زکی

احمد زکی
انیسویں صدی کے اواخر اور بیسویں صدی کے اوائل کا دور ایک عالمگیر بیداری تجدید اور ذہنی علمی تہذیب و تثقیف کا دور ہے، تقریباً ہر زندہ قوم و زبان پر بدلے ہوئے حالات کا اثر پڑا اور کچھ ایسی شخصیتیں سامنے آگئیں جو نئے رجحانات اور جدید تقاضوں سے باخبر بھی تھیں اور ان کی اہمیت و ضرورت کی معترف بھی، عالم عرب جو عرصہ سے سیاسی خلفشار اور معاشرتی اضطراب و بے چینی سے دوچار تھا، دوسروں کی بہ نسبت ان حالات سے جلد متاثر ہوا، عربی ادب جو زمانہ سے جمود و تعطل کا شکار تھا، اس دور میں اس نے کئی ایسے نامور ادیبوں کو جنم دیا جنھوں نے نہ صرف یہ کہ عربی ادب کو نئی روح، اس کے قالب کو نئی جان اور اس کے چہرے کو نئی رونق بخشی، بلکہ ان کی بالغ نظری، جدت طرازی اور دوربینی نے دوسروں کی توجہ بھی اپنی جانب مبذول کرلی اور ان کے خیالات کی بازگشت دور دور سنائی دینے لگی، شیخ محمد عبدہ، علامہ رشید رضا، امیر شکیب ارسلان، مصطفی لطفی منفلوطی، مصطفی صادق الرافعی معروف الرضافی خلیل مظران، کرد علی، عباس محمود عقاد، احمد امین، حسن زیات جیسے نامور مفکروں اور ادیبوں سے یہ عہدِ جدید مالا مال ہوگیا، ان میں سے ہر شخص زبان اور فکر و نظر، ادب و انداز اور گہرائی و گیرائی کے لحاظ سے منفرد و ممتاز حیثیت کا حامل ہے۔ انہی ناموروں کی صف میں احمد زکی کا بھی شمار ہوتا ہے، جن کا ابھی گزشتہ سال انتقال ہوا ہے، اور جنھوں نے اپنے سائنس آمیز مقالات و تصانیف کی وجہ سے عربی ادب میں ایسا مرتبہ حاصل کرلیا ہے جو محترم بھی ہے اور باوقار بھی۔
اصلاً وہ سائنس کے عالم تھے، ان کی تعلیم کا بیشتر حصہ سائنسی علوم کی تحصیل...

Islam is the Religion of Peace: Analytical Review from the Life of Holy Prophet PBUH

Islam is the religion of peace and mercy for all creatures. But, now-adays, some extremist has spread misconception about the Islam, that as, it is the religion of sword for terror. But, the actual fact is that, Islam is the religion of peace and it condemns extremism and violence. Islam promotes the peace, calm, harmony, any tranquility in society. Islam is a peaceful religion, its best examples, we can see, in the practical life of Holy Prophet (SAW). He was the Messenger of Allah (SWT) to convey the message of honesty, piousness, peace, mercy, integrity, and love. He had never done any activity which indicate act of terrorizing, misconduct, racism and violation against humanity. Even though, he showed the mercy on animals, insects and plants. The world knows him, as a 'Rahmatul-lil-Aālamyn'(Mercy into the world). From the life of Holy Prophet (SAW), it is concluded that Islam is the religion of peace and humanity. It did not spread by the forced of sword, rather, it spread by its golden quality. 

Strategy and Methodology for Developing True Potato Seed Tps Technology in Sindh

TITLE: STRATEGY AND METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING TRUE POTATO SEED (TPS) TECHNOLOGY IN SINDH True Potato Seed (TPS) is a low cost planting material, only about 100 g of TPS are needed to plant one hectare as compared to two tons of commercial seed tubers. Moreover it is technological alternative that offers farmers an option to overcome the perceived weaknesses of clonally propagated tubers as a source of planting materials. This study therefore was conducted first time in Sindh, Pakistan to determine how true potato seed could be implemented through genotype selection, growth substrates, planting time, plant spacing and packing material for storing tubers. The field experiments were conducted at Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam, Pakistan located at 25.24, 46.00,’N, 68.32, 12.00E during 2009 and 2010. Experiment-1 was meant to observe the effect of different substrates for nursery raising of TPS genotype. In this study, three TPS viz. TPS=9802, TPS=9804 and TPS=9805 were grown in five growth substrates viz. Soil + Sand, Soil + FYM, Soil + Sand + FYM, Soil + PM (Poultry manure) and Soil + Sand + PM). Seeds of different genotypes sown in various substrates had significantly different results. The maximum germination, plant height, number and size of micro, small, medium and larges tubers were found in TPS-9804 grown in soil+sand+FYM (1:1:1). This genotype and same substrate also showed maximum total tuber yield on hectare basis. Experiment-2 was conducted to evaluate the effect of planting date and plant spacing on growth and yield of TPS nursery raising. In this study seeds of same genotypes were tested under three planting dates (15th October, 30th October and 15 th November) and three plant spacing (2, 4, and 6 cm). The maximum germination percent, plant height, number and weight of micro, small, medium and large tubers observed in TPS-9804. On hectare basis, the tuber yield was also higher in TPS-9804 genotype planted on 30th October with plant to plant distance of 4 cm. Experiment-3 was concerned to assess the impact of storage packing material on various genotypes viz, TPS=9802, TPS=9804, TPS=9805 and standard Diamant potato variety. To achieve the outcomes, different five packing material viz. gunny bag, polythlene bag, cloth bag, netted bag and wooden crate were used. The results obtained from 500 g standard weight of sample showed maximum tuber weight and tuber sprouting percentage after storage of TPS-9804 genotype kept in gunny bags. The results concluded that TPS-9804 genotype grown in the substrate containing soil + sand + FYM (1:1:1) was more efficient for obtaining maximum tuber number, size and yield. Comparing all true potato genotypes, TPS-9804 performed better in recording maximum tuber number and yield sown on 30th October with 4 cm plant spacing. In cold storage, maximum tuber weight and tuber sprouting was noted after storage in TPS- 9804 genotype kept in gunny bags. However, maximum rottening was found in Diamant standard potato variety kept in polytheline bag as packing material during storage. Hence TPS- 9804 genotype is recommended for Potato growers of Sindh province due to its better yield performance and storage capability under gunny bag as packing material.
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