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آثم مرزا

جابر علی سید(۱۹۲۳ء۔۱۹۸۵ء) سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے۔ ۱۹۴۲ء میں ادیب فاضل کیا اور بنگلور چلے گئے۔ جہاں اپنے بھائی تراب علی کے ساتھ انگریزوں کو اردوپڑھاتے رہے۔ عالمی جنگ ختم ہونے کے بعد سیالکوٹ چلے آئے۔۱۹۴۷ء میں اورینٹل کالج سے فارسی میں ایم۔اے کیا۔ اس کالج میں آپ نے ڈاکٹر سید عبداﷲ اور صوفی تبسم جیسے اساتذہ سے کسبِ فیض کیا۔ ۱۹۵۳ء میں گورنمنٹ کالج جھنگ میں فارسی کے لیکچرار مقرر ہوئے۔(۸۲۵)

جابر علی سید ایک اچھے شاعر، ادیب، نقاد ،محقق ،ماہر لسانیات و عروض اور مشفق متواضع اُستاد تھے۔ جابر علی سید کی وفات کے بعد حمید اختر فائق نے ان کے شعری مجموعے کو ’’موجِ آہنگ ‘‘کے نام سے ۱۹۹۹ء میں مرتب کر کے شائع کیا۔

جابر علی سید کے دور کے شعرا صنفِ نظم میں شاعری کر رہے تھے۔ آزاد شاعری کے لیے نئے نئے تجربات کیے جارہے تھے۔ جابر نے بھی نظم میں خیالات و افکار کو ڈھالنا شروع کر دیا تھا۔ نظم کے ساتھ آپ نے غزل کو بھی اپنایا۔ آپ غزل کی فطری دلکشی ،اس کی اہمیت و افادیت سے پوری طرح واقف تھے۔اس لیے آپ نے غزل گوئی کو ذریعہ اظہار بنایا۔ ان کی پہلی غزل ادبی دنیا میں شائع ہوئی۔(۸۲۶)آپ نے اردو غزل میں ہیئت اور بحر کے نئے نئے تجربے کیے۔ اس لیے کہ آپ علم عروض سے دلچسپی رکھتے تھے۔ آپ نے اردو میں بعض بحروں کو روشناس کروایا۔ آپ نے اپنی غزلوں میں نئے الفاظ، نئے محاورے اور نئی ترکیبیں استعمال کیں۔ اُن کی غزلوں میں اُن کی شخصیت کی بہت سی داخلی کیفیات اور ان کے شعور و لا شعور میں اٹھنے والے ہنگاموں اور طوفانوں کا ذکرملتا ہے۔انھوں نے اپنی شاعری میں زبان کی صفائی ،شائستگی اور عمدگی پر پوری توجہ دی۔ جب وہ مروجہ لفظوں کے ساتھ ساتھ نئی تراکیب اور...

پاکستان میں بچوں پر جنسی تشدد اور فقہ السیرہ کی روشنی میں تدارک

Numerous crimes are being committed in present era. One of the most heinous crime amongst them is child abuse. Incidents of children who have been murdered after sexual abuse are rife in our nominal Islamic society. Moreover, videos and photos are also made during child abuse. Then these videos are posted on the social media. Both Muslim and non-Muslim communities are suffering from this brutal act i.e child abuse. In Pakistan, the reasons of increase in crime rates include psychological disorders, urge to fulfill one’s sexual desires, poverty, unemployment and detachment from religion. Such kind of abominable acts are becoming common in Pakistan day by day. According to Islamic jurisprudence rape is a punishable crime. Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) himself has punished the perpetrators for such acts of crime. Once in the era of Holy Prophet (SAW), a Jew crushed the head of a girl by placing it in between two stones. When Prophet (SAW) was informed about the incident, He (SAW) called upon the Jew who confessed his crime. Then Prophet (SAW) asked his companions to punish him by crushing his head with stones. It can be deduced from this narration that the culprits involved in such loathsome crimes should be punished publicly in order to wipe out this devilish act of crime from the society. The purpose of writing this research paper is to describe the reasons for the increase in rate of sexual abuse of children and its eradication in the light of Fiqh ul Seerah. This research paper followed descriptive and analytical methods

Redefining Urdu Morphology and Grammar for the Development of an Integrated Sentiment Analysis Framework

The rise of social networking sites and blogs has simulated a bull market in personal opinion; consumer recommendations, product reviews, ratings, and other types of online expressions. For computational linguistic researchers, this fast-growing heap of information has opened an exciting research frontier, referred as, the Sentiment Analysis (SA). For English, this area is under consideration from last decade. But, other major languages, like Urdu, are totally overlooked by the research community. Urdu is a morphologically rich and recourse poor language. The distinctive features, like, complex morphology, flexible grammar rules, context sensitive orthography and free word order, make the Urdu language processing a challenging problem domain. For the same reasons, sentiment analysis approaches and techniques developed for other well-explored languages are not workable for Urdu text. This dissertation presents a grammatically motivated, sentiment classification framework to handle these distinctive features of the Urdu language. The main research contributions are; to highlight the linguistic (orthography, grammar and morphology, etc.) as well as technical (parsing algorithm, lexicon, corpus, etc.) aspects of this multidimensional research problem, to explore Urdu morphological operations, grammar and orthographic rules, to redefine these operations and rules with respect to the requirements of sentiment analysis framework. The orthographical, morphological, grammatical and finally the conceptual details of the language are our target concerns. Additionally, our approach can help in the sentiment analysis of other languages, like Arabic, Persian, Hindi, Punjabi etc. The proposed framework emphasizes on the identification of the SentiUnits, rather than, the subjective words in the given text. SentiUnits are the sentiment carrier expressions, which reveal the inherent sentiments of the sentence for a specific target. The targets are the noun phrases for which an opinion is made. The system extracts SentiUnits and the target expressions through the shallow parsing based chunking. The dependency parsing algorithm creates associations between these extracted expressions. The framework uses the sentiment-annotated lexicon based approach. Each entry of the lexicon is marked with its orientation (positive or negative) and the intensity (force of orientation) score. The experimentation based evaluation of the system with a sentiment-annotated lexicon of Urdu words and two corpuses of reviews as test-beds, shows encouraging achievement in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and f-measure.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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