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دھپ میں ڈھابہ ہوٹل

دھب میںڈھابہ ہوٹل

شرم الشیخ سے پچاس میل کی مسافت پر دھب نامی قصبہ پر ہمار ی گاڑی چائے کے ایک ریستوران پر رکی ۔یہاں پاکستانی ٹرک ڈرائیور ہوٹل جیسا ماحول تھا ۔گاڑی میں موجود مصری خواتین نے اپنے بڑے بڑے پرس کھولے تو مجھے حیرت ہوئی کہ ان پرسوں میں توشۂ خوراک یعنی پنیر ،ڈبل روٹی ،بسکٹ ،سیب ،مالٹے ،کھجور اور پانی کی بوتل تک سارا انتظام مکمل تھا ۔مجھے اس انتظام و انصرام سے زیادہ خواتین کی فیاضی نے بہت متاثر کیا ۔ سب نے ایک دوسرے کے ساتھ اپنے توشے شریک کیے ،باوجود اس کے کہ سب کے پاس یہی چیزیں خود بھی موجود تھیں ۔سوڈان کے دکتوریحیٰ اور میرے پاس ان اشیا ء میں سے کوئی چیز نہ تھی ۔اس لیے سب نے ہمیں نوازنا شروع کر دیا اور آخر میں ہم دونوں کے پاس خوراک کا ذخیرہ ان سے بھی زیادہ ہو گیا ۔میں نے دکتورہ بسنت کو کہا کہ پاکستانی خواتین کے پرس اس سے بھی بڑے ہوتے ہیں مگر وہ پائوڈر ،کریم سے لیس ہوتے ہیں ۔ اس نے ہنس کر کہا وہ چیزیں ہمارے پاس بھی ہوتی ہیں مگر الگ پرس میں ۔ہوٹل میں مختلف قسم کے  بسکٹ کے ساتھ نفیس پیکنگ میں ایک چیز بند تھی ،میں نے اس کے بارے میں دکتورہ شائمہ سے پوچھا کہ یہ کیا ہے ؟انھوں نے کہا ’’خشک روٹی ‘‘میں پوچھا یہ بھی یہاں فروخت ہوتی ہے ۔اس نے بڑے اعتماد سے کہا کہ ہاں بالکل اور لوگ یہاں اس کو بڑے شوق سے کھاتے ہیں۔ ہوٹل کے عقب میں بیری کے دو تین درخت تھے جن پر پھل پک چکے تھے ،میں نے توڑ کر کھائے تو محسوس ہوا کہ تپتے صحرا نے ان کو پکانے اوررات کی چاندنی نے ان کو میٹھا بنانے میں کوئی کسر نہیں...

Basel Iii: Impact and Challenges to Islamic Financial Institutions: Evidence of Pakistan and Malaysia

The global financial crises 2007 bring about the current banking regulations which stood inadequate to avoid banks from taking in unnecessary risk actions. Therefore, Bank for International Settlement (BIS) and G-20 leaders endorsed a new international standard of banking regulations by revising previous Basel II rule, introduced in 2004, into Basel III in late 2010, so as to enhance the quality including quantity of capital, leverage ratio and liquidity standards, which has become a challenge for nationals to implement these strict reforms under their existing banking system. Parallel with the conventional banking system, for which the Basel Committee formulated Basel framework, Islamic banking introduced in early 1977 to 1980 in Pakistan in response to the decision by the Shariat Bench of Supreme Court, necessitates that the financial system be transformed to operate in conformity with sharia. The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and Bank Negara Malaysia are the regulator of Islamic banks and full member of IFSB. The Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) established in 2002 in Malaysia as an international standard-setting organization to enforce the international regulatory and supervisory guidelines for Islamic financial organizations along with other standard setting bodies such as AAOIFI and ISDB to achieve this objective. The IFSB promotes the stability and soundness of the Islamic financial institutions by issuing guiding standards and prudential regulations for the industry, The IFSB applied Basel standards in the context of Islamic banks and its operating models. This paper critically evaluates Islamic financial institution’s regulatory and supervisory structures particularly for Pakistan and Malaysia and examines financial position after implementing Basel Accord rules. Study suggests a positive impact in case of both countries.

Improving Teachers Performance Appraisal Through Participatory Action Research

The study explored teacher performance appraisal and the potential benefits of appraisal as a mechanism for improving existing performance of teachers to collaboratively implement changes that lead to improve practice. The purpose of this Participatory Action Research (PAR) was to improve the existing documents and practices of teacher performance appraisal system and practices at a Community Based High School (CBS) in Karachi through collaboratively involving the principal and teachers in a systematic process of improvement. The research was qualitative in nature using PAR model as suggested by Kemmis and Mc Taggart (2000). This PAR model provided opportunities of constantly evaluating the teaching and learning strategies and their implementation in a real setting. The data of the study was collected through interviews, classroom-observations and feedback processes, assessments tools, field notes, reflection of research participants and document analysis to obtain empirical evidence of existing practices and perceptions. The findings were processed through data analysis by arranging data systematically and breaking it into units through coding, in order to meaning making of the data. The findings of research revealed that the awareness about the appraisal system and process is indispensable to improving the practices and understanding of the teachers. Moreover, it emerged from the findings that timely feedback, involvement, trainings and evaluation of set targets acted as cornerstones to improve the practice and process of the appraisal system. The findings reveal that the awareness training programmes regarding appraisal system enhance the knowledge and skills of teachers if the appraisal documents are understood by the teachers. Further research revealed that involvement of teachers in developing appraisal documents creates a sense of ownership, and this feature helps to improve the practices. The two purposes of appraisal, i.e. accountability and professional development, may not be segregated from each other at CBS; however, the focus of appraisal system shifted from accountability to professional development. This study holds significance for various audiences directly or indirectly, such as CBS where I carried out this research, and my own organization which I work for. The study could help in strengthening the appraisal system and process and it could also enable principals in further improving their appraisal system and practices. The recommendations that have come from this research are that school leadership should involve the teachers in making policies and procedures so that the teachers feel ownership of the appraisal system. The process of appraisal should be strategies in such a
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
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