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9. Al-Tawbah/The Immunity

9. Al-Tawbah/The Immunity

I seek Allah’s protection

from the satanic, the accursed and evil forces within the human soul and social environment.

09:01
a. This is a declaration of immunity from Allah and HIS Messenger to those of the polytheists with whom you have a treaty.

09:02
O the polytheists!
You can move about freely in the land for the next four months,
but know that you can never escape the Power of Allah,
and that Allah can always humble those who will dishonor this treaty.

09:03
Here is a proclamation from Allah and HIS Messenger to all people gathered on this Great Day of the Hajj -
that Allah is not bound by any treaty with the polytheists, and so is HIS Messenger.
So, if you would only repent of disbelief, it will be better for you,
but if you turn away, then know that you can never escape the Power of Allah.
So give the good news to those who insist on disbelief of an awful punishment.

09:04
However, the exception is for those of the polytheists with whom you have a treaty,
and they have
neither failed you in anything,
nor assisted anyone against you.
So as for those who fulfill your treaty/obligations and comply with them to the end of their term of the treaty.
Indeed, Allah loves those who are mindful of their obligations in complying with the foregoing Injunctions.

09:05
But once these four sacred months of truce are over,
then slay the polytheists wherever you find them, and
arrest them, and
besiege them in their settlements, and
ambush them at every likely place of ambush.

However,...

ثنائية الفصل والوصل في البحث البلاغي

Fasl and Wasl are the burning topics of ‘ilm ul-Bayan (Arabic Rhetoric) alongside it is very initial element which brings structure, beautification, embellishment and improvement. Many Arab scholars, in particular, Arab pioneer Rhetoricians had discussed and still have been discussing as well as discoursing Fasl and Wasl related matters. They put their all attention deeply to both of them in the discoursing of Qur’an structure. The utmost susceptible scholar Abu Bakr Abd al-Qahir bin ‘Abd arRahman bin Muhammad al-Jurjanī, the figurative personality, who first time in the history had discussed Fasl and Wasl based structures in his two prolific books; Asrar al-Balaghah (The Secrets of Elucidation) and Dala'il al-I’jaz (Intimations of Inimitability) theoretically and practically. Later on it was developed by Abu alQasim Mahmud bin ‘Umar al-Zamakhshari as he applied both theories to his commentary on Holy Qur’an known as “Al-Kashshaaf (the Revealer)”. The following research attempts all fruitful efforts spent by scholars having different ethics. It brings arguments towards where it is required, bringing out a short comparison between contemporary and classical Fasl and Wasl based perceptions resulting in what the scholar thinks in person.

Effect of Indus River Floods on Dynamics of Riverine Flora of Low Riparian Zone

The riparian zone refers to biotic communities on the banks of rivers, streams and lakes. Riparian zones are an unusually diverse mosaic of landforms, communities and environments within the larger landscape and they serve as a framework for understanding the organization, diversity and dynamics of the communities associated with fluvial ecosystems. A variety of natural disturbances create a spatial and temporal environmental mosaic with few parallels in other systems. Pakistan riparian zone mostly belongs to Sindh and Punjab provinces and prone to varieties of climatical problems and anthropogenic activities. The research was conducted to estimate and compare the effects of 2010 floods on the structure and composition of riverine floral diversity in low riparian zone of River Indus. To estimate the impact, data was collected from two sites along River Indus in low riparian zone i.e. Keti Shah Forest (Sukkur, Sindh province) and Taunsa Wildlife Sanctuary (Muzaffargarh, Punjab province). The study evaluates the phytosociological parameters of floral diversity in low riparian zone of River Indus. The impact of 2010 floods on floral diversity was calculated using BioDiversity Professional Statistical Software. The results of the study shows that the Taunsa Wildlife Sanctuary is rich in floral diversity with total 30 species in pre-monsoon season and 20 species in post-monsoon season, in comparison to the Keti Shah Forest. In Keti Shah Forest 22 species found in pre-monsoon and 16 in post-monsoon season. Different biodiversity parameters (Shannon Index, Simpson’s Index, Margalef’s lndex, SHE analysis and cluster analysis) shows that pre-flooded vegetation was more rich with total 39 families in Taunsa Wildlife xxiii Sanctuary and 18 families in Keti Shah Forest. The edaphic parameters proved less fertility in post-monsoon season in comparison to pre-monsoon season. The outcome of this study revealed that floods and heavy rains have destructive effects on vegetation of the study area. These adverse effects eliminate 23 and 7 families from the Taunsa and Keti Shah Forest, respectively. The results concluded that in upstream areas about 60% plant families eliminated after 2010 floods, with 75% species lost. In comparison to downstream about 40% plant families eliminated due to floods, with 37% species lost. The more lost in plant biodiversity in upstream was due to high intensity of floods as compared to downstream. The outcome of this study benefits in future in forest management, planning, floral diversity conservation and in mitigating adverse effect of the floods in studied areas. In future, illicit cutting and conversion of forest area to agricultural land should be controlled by implementing the proper management plan of the forest area. Regeneration and replanting activities of the native species should be carried out on regular basis and species gene bank should be established to conserve the species which are growing well in the area. Planting woody plant species on the banks of the river helps in reducing the velocity of the flood water and serves as the barrier for the whole forest area by preventing it from adverse impacts of the regular floods.
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