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المبحث السادس: مرضها ووفاتها

المبحث السادس: مرضها ووفاتها

 الشاعرۃ کانت مصابۃ بمرض السکري ومرض یسمی (البارکنسون) المعروف بالشلل الرّعاش، ویبدو أن آخر قصائدھا ’’أنا وحدي‘‘ وتم نشرھا أیضاً ولکن ھُناک بعض القصائد لم یتم نشرھا.

 الشاعرۃ نازک الملائکۃ کانت من أبرز شاعرات العرب وقد احتلت مکانتھا في موقع الریادۃ من الحرکۃ الشعریۃ الحدیثۃ، التي سمیت "بالشعر الجدید والشعر الحر وشعر التفعیلۃ"[1]۔

 وکانت نازک الشاعرۃ الکبیرۃ المولودۃ في بغداد، عاصمۃ الشعر والأدب شارکت في النقد وکانت لھا القدرۃ في الإبداع والبحث من کل ما ھو جدید ومقبول في المجتمع الحدیث، فھي شاعرۃ مثقفۃ بالثقافۃ الأدبیۃ والفنیۃ اللغویۃ والموسیقیۃ۔ فھي کانت أیضاً إنسانۃ مثالیۃ۔ وبعد صراع طویل مع المرض رحلت عن ھذا العالم عام 2007 في القاھرۃ لیفقد العراق واحدۃ من أبرز مبدعاتہ اللواتی ترکن بصماتھن فی میادین إبداعھن ، لکن نازک ما زالت حاضرۃ بتاریخھا الشعري وریادتھا ومکانتھا۔

 وکانت أکبر شاعرۃ في القرن العشرین منذ 1923۔2007م وکانت تعیش في آواخر أیامھا في عزلۃ بعیدۃ عن الناس۔ ’’ماتت الشاعرۃ العراقیۃ الکبیرۃ في أحد مستشفیات القاھرۃ في 20 یونیو 2007م عن عمریناھز 85 عاماً[2]۔

وداعاً نازک الملائکۃ وداعاً۔



[1] بزیغ، شوقي، مرجح سبق ذکرہ، ص88

[2] شوشۃ، فاروق: نازک الملائکۃ: زنابق صوفیہ للرسول، العربي، العدد: 586 (سبتمبر 2007)، ص164۔

Frequency of Osteopenia and its association with Socio Economic Status among general female population aged 18-60 years Osteopenia and Socio Economic Status

Osteopenia is regarded as the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) which is lower than that of the average value but not as low as Osteoporosis. In Pakistan, Osteoporosis and Osteopenia among women have become one of the most common problems of recent times. Objectives: To find the frequency of osteopenia among females in Faisalabad and its association with SES (Socio Economic Status). Methodology: It was an analytical and cross-sectional study which was conducted at Niaz Medicare Clinic in Faisalabad. The study was completed in 9 months from 18 October 2019 to 18 July 2020. Non probability purposive sampling was done and 323 females were taken for the study. Results: The results demonstrated that 56.3% of the population had Osteopenia. Socio Economic Status had as statistically significant association with Osteopenia (p= 0.041). The results also revealed that the females belonging to middle class and lower class had a higher prevalence of Osteopenia than the females of upper Socio Economic Status. Conclusion: the frequency of Osteopenia was fairly high among females specifically the age group 18-29 years. There was an association found between Osteopenia and Socio Economic status (p =0.041).

The Perceptions and Practices of Madrasa and Government Schools Teachers About Critical Thinking

One of the main purposes of education is to develop critical autonomous individuals, so that they could construct their own knowledge and promote their thinking skills and become more active citizens. On the other hand, there is a general impression about the two major systems of schools, the Madrasa and the Government schools, that both discourage students' critical thinking (CT) skills. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to explore the ground realities by conducting a comparative case study in a Madrasa and in a Government school in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. This study aims to explore the perceptions and practices of both schools' teachers' about CT. For this purpose, one teacher from each school was selected as a primary research participant. Both the schools' head teachers and two students from the schools were selected as secondary research participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the entire primary as well as the secondary research participants. Moreover, teachers' classroom teaching, the nature of co-curricular activities, and the practice of punishment and reward were observed. Similarly, some documents, such as textbooks and examination question papers, were also analyzed to see the application of CT. The findings revealed that both schools' teachers are of the view that CT is a crucial component for students in order to deal with the modem challenges. Though the teachers of both schools appreciated the significance of CT, their practices were often dominated by the transmission method teaching. In contrast, the findings found the Madrasa structure and practices more conducive to CT primarily because of the Madrasa having fewer students, and closer interaction between the teachers and the taught. But, in Government schools, where there are more students in the class and there is burden on teachers of taking more periods, then these factors hinder in creating conducive relations between teachers and the taught regarding the development of CT. The findings of this study seem unusual as secular schools are very often seen as better suited for fostering CT, while Madrasas are blamed for indoctrination. However, the research showed an interesting finding that the Madrasa opened both the doors of religious and secular education to its students, and provided a soothing environment for building students' self-esteem and confidence.
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