Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

میری بات

میری بات

                                                                                ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب

کتاب بینی کا شوق کالج کے زمانے سے ہی شروع ہو گیا تھا۔ کیونکہ کالج کے مقابلہ مضمون نویسی بعنوان( پاکستان میں مرغی اور انڈے کی پیداوار) میں حصہ لینے کے لیے تیاری کے سلسلے میں زرعی یونیورسٹی فیصل آباد جاکر کافی کتب پڑھنے کا موقع ملا۔خدائے وحدہ لاشریک کا کروڑہا بار شکر ہے جس کی کرم نوازی سے مجھے اس مقابلہ مضمون نویسی میں پہلے انعام کا حقدار قرار دیا گیا۔ اس انعام سے حوصلہ پا کر میں اکثر چھوٹے چھوٹے مضامین لکھتا رہتا تھا۔ کیونکہ بنیادی طور پر میں پنجابی زبان و ادب کا استاد اور طالب علم ہوں اس لئے اردو زبان و ادب کا مطالعہ واجبی سا رہا۔ میں 1988 جب فرائض منصبی کی ادائیگی کے لئے گورنمنٹ کالج بہاولنگر گیا تو وہاں کی ادبی فضا نے اردو زبان و ادب کے مطالعہ کا موقع فراہم کیا۔ میرے کالج کے ساتھی پروفیسر راؤ مختار شعبہ اردو کی شاعری کی کتاب پر پہلا تنقیدی مضمون اردو میں لکھا جو بعد میں مقامی اخبار میں بھی شائع ہوا۔ پروفیسر موصوف کی حوصلہ افزائی سے اردو لکھنے کی تحریک پیدا ہوئی۔ اب تک بہت سے تنقیدی و تحقیقی مضمون لکھ چکا ہوں۔ جن میں سے تین مضامین اٹلی اور آسٹریلیا سے نکلنے والے اردو جرائد میں میں شائع ہو چکے ہیں۔ کیونکہ دوست اکثر اپنی اردو تخلیقات بھیجتے رہتے ہیں اس لئے ان کو پڑھنے کے بعد جو کچھ محسوس کیا اسے الفاظ کے پیراہن میں آپ کے سامنے رکھ دیا  ہے۔

کتابی صورت اردو میں میری یہ پہلی کوشش ہے۔ میرا اردو کا ذخیرہ الفاظ بھی زیادہ نہیں جس کی وجہ سے میری تمام تحریروں میں آپ کو بے شمار غلطیاں نظر آئیں گی۔ میری خواہش ہوگی کہ...

Al-Ūdwī’s Theory of Iʿjāz Al-Qurʾān

Maulānā Muḥammad Ismāʿīl al-Ūdwī al-Shikārpurī (1897-1970) was one of the very prominent scholarly personalities of Pakistan. His life and works are studied and analyzed in detail elsewhere. (See. IRJAH, Faculty of Arts, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Vol. 42, 2014 and Ma’arif Research Journal, Islamic Research Academy, Karachi, issue. 13, 2017). This paper mainly deals with al-Ūdwī’s theory of iʿjāz al-Qurʾān. With regard to the theory of iʿjāz al-Qurʾān, classical scholars including al-Rummani, al-Khaṭṭābī, al-Baqillani, al-Rāzī significantly emphasize the linguistic nature of iʿjāz as an argument to support the doctrine of iʿjāz al-Qurʾān. Al-Ūdwī on the other hand, after accepting the linguistic iʿjāz of the Qurʾān, proceeds to go further than his predecessors in supporting the doctrine of iʿjāz al-Qurʾān by emphasizing and situating iʿjāz in the content of the Qurʾān. Therefore, his book Nūr al-Īqān bi iʿjāz al-Qurʾān seems to be considerably different in its arguments from his predecessors’ theory. There is no exaggeration to say that al-Ūdwī has distinctly added several new arguments in his book, which, according to him, provide the certainty in the doctrine of iʿjāz, as he names his book as Nūr al-Īqān bi Iʿjāz al-Qurʾān, ‘Light of the faith through the inimitability of the Qurʾān.

Transcendence of Behavioral Finance in Corporate Financial Decisions and its Impact on Corporate Performance: Evidence from Emerging Economies

Prior major studies in the field of corporate finance have centered on financial decisions and corporate performance. While studying the corporate performance and financial decision patterns, classical finance assumes that managers are rational and self-interested in their decision-making. However, behavioral finance contradicts this idea and provides evidence of irrationality in corporate decisions. For this purpose, our study investigated the effect of behavioral biases of corporate finance managers (i.e., self-serving, overconfidence, optimism, anchoring & representativeness, loss aversion and mental accounting) on three facets of corporate financial decisions (i.e. capital structure, dividend policy and working capital management), and how the corporate performance is affected by these financial decisions. This study also focused on the conditional impact of risk perception, financial literacy, and managerial skills on financial decisions of corporate finance managers. For the contextual contribution, the emerging economies like Pakistan, Malaysia, and Turkey have been chosen for the cross-country comparison. This study used primary data to address research questions. Questionnaire items were adapted from different authors, pilot tested and rephrased for numerous validity and reliability measures. The unit of analysis in this cross-sectional study was the financial decision makers of the corporate sector. The results of this study concluded that overconfidence, optimism, anchor/representative and mental accounting bias have a positive impact on risk perception. However, loss aversion bias has a negative impact on risk perception. These relations are significant for all countries except loss aversion bias which is not significant for Malaysia. Self-serving bias has no impact on risk perception and overconfidence. This finding is consistent for all three counties. Risk perception negatively impacts on dividend policy decisions, positively impacts on the capital structure and working capital management decisions. Dividend policy and working capital management positively while capital structure negatively impacts the corporate performance. These results are also consistent with all three counties. Overall results concluded that the behaviorally biased managers impact corporate financial decisions. The results of the moderation of financial literacy and managerial skills indicated that the moderating effect of financial literacy on the relationship of self-serving and anchoring bias with risk perception is not significant for all countries. Financial literacy is moderating the relationship of risk perception with overconfidence and mental accounting for all countries. The moderating effect of financial literacy with optimism on risk perception is supported for Pakistan and Malaysia, however, not supported for Turkey. The moderating impact of financial literacy with loss aversion bias on risk perception is supported only in Pakistan. The moderation of managerial skills on the relationship of risk perception and the corporate financial decision is not found significant for Pakistan, Malaysia, and Turkey. However, it is only significant in the relationship of risk perception and capital structure decisions of Turkey. The risk perception fully mediates the relationship of overconfidence and capital structure while partial mediates with dividend policy and working capital management. The mediation of risk perception between self-serving and financial decisions is not significant for all counties. Moreover, it partially mediates the relationship of optimism and financial decisions while it fully mediates for anchoring for all three countries. Risk perception is not mediating the relationship of loss aversion and financial decisions in Malaysia while partially mediates for Pakistan and Turkey. Overall the mixed results show that in general, risk perception mediates the relationship of behavioral biases and corporate financial decisions. The comparison of family vis-à-vis non-family owned companies reveals that in family-owned companies, the effect of behavioral biases is escalating and vice versa. Owing to the scarce evidence in the literature, this study not only contributes to the existing literature on behavioral aspects but opens some new horizon to understand the behavior of corporate managers of developing countries. This study tries to provide the opportunity for a better understanding of the heteroskedastic policies and decisions of individuals and groups. Based on results and discussion of the study, the policymakers are strongly recommended to look beyond the classical facets by focusing psychological aspects while hiring finance managers with desired experience, personality, management style, and problem-solving skills.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.