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ڈاکٹرخلیل الرحمن اعظمی

یادِ خلیل
مرزا غالب مرحوم نے عارف کی موت پر کہا تھا:
ہاں اے فلک پیر جواں تھا ابھی عارف
کیا تیرا بگڑتا جو نہ مرتا کوئی دن اور
ڈاکٹر خلیل الرحمن اعظمی مرحوم کی خبر وفات سن بے ساختہ یہ شعرزبان پر آگیا، ابھی شاید وہ پچاس کے ہوں، بھلا یہ مرنے کے دن تھے، لیکن تقدیر کے راز کون سمجھ سکتا ہے، انّ اجل اﷲ اذا جاء لا یوخّر[نوح: ۴]۔
وہ بہت ہو نہار، لائق اور ذی استعداد تھے، اپنی صلاحیت سے انھوں نے اس کم سنی ہی میں اردو کے مشہور نقادوں، ممتاز ادیبوں اور اہم شاعروں کی صف میں اپنی جگہ بنالی تھی، ان کا نام ادبی حلقوں میں عزت سے لیا جاتا تھا اور ان کے خیالات کا وزن محسوس کیا جاتا تھا۔
وہ اعظم گڑھ کے مردم خیز خطہ سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، سرائے میر کے قریب ایک گاؤں سیدھا سلطان پور کے رہنے والے تھے، ان کے والد محترم مولانا محمد شفیع صاحب مرحوم بڑے نیک نفس اور مقدس بزرگ تھے، مدرستہ الا صلاح سرائے میر کا قیام انھیں کی جدوجہد کا نتیجہ ہے، جس کے نظم ونسق کی ذمہ داری ترجمان القران مولانا حمیدالدین فراہی نے بعد میں علامہ شبلی مرحوم کے ایماء سے قبول کرکے اس کو بڑی شہرت و ترقی دی تھی، مولانا محمد شفیع مرحوم کے پانچ صاحبزادوں میں خلیل صاحب سب سے چھوٹے مگر اپنی صلاحیتوں کے اعتبار سے سب میں ممتاز تھے، انھوں نے شبلی نیشنل اسکول سے میٹرک پاس کرنے کے بعد علی گڑھ مسلم یو نیو رسٹی میں داخلہ لیا، تعلیم مکمل کر چکے تو وہیں شعبۂ اردو میں لکچرر ہوگئے، بعد میں ترقی کرکے ریڈر ہوئے، وہ اپنے استادوں میں پروفیسر رشید احمد صدیقی مرحوم کی عقیدت کا دم بھرتے تھے، وہ ان کے ادب و انشا کے بڑے مداح اور...

OCCURRENCE OF LOWER EXTREMITY MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES DURING THE LOCKDOWN IN ATHLETES

Background of the Study: Lockdown was implemented worldwide to limit the spread of COVID-19. This sudden implementation of lockdown causes significant lifestyle changes for every individual. Along with the general population, it also has psychological, behavioral, and physical consequences on athletes. The study objective is to determine the occurrence of lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries during the COVID-19 lockdown in athletes. Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study design was used, and participants were recruited by a non-probability convenient sampling technique. A sample size of 147 was taken as calculated by the Raosoft software, and the study was completed 6 months. Both male and female athletes between the age group of 18-35 years, participants who did not participate in any official training session during the lockdown and registered at domestic level for at least 2 years were recruited from Pakistan Sports Board and Wapda Sports Complex Lahore. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to identify the problematic painful areas of body. Data entry, analysis, and interpretation were done by using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The mean age and BMI of participants were 25.6531±4.49 (years) and 23.28±3.24 (kg/m2) respectively. From the total, 39.5% of participants reported lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries. And most reported problematic areas include lower back and knee. 75% of participants continue to do workouts at home as a prevention strategy against injury occurrence. Conclusion: This concluded that the occurrence of lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries during the lockdown was moderate.

Impact of Job Stress on Organizational Affective Commitment of Employees: A Case of Mobile Telecom Sector in Pakistan, Affective Commitment

In contemporary era, everyone is striving for his existence. This mess leads towards some type of stress. Everyone has to endure stress in his daily life. People face different forms of stress like, domestic stress, occupational stress, physical stress, mental stress, emotional stress, interpersonal stress etc. Managing stress and time are the most crucial, yet neglected management skills (Whetten & Cameron, 2011). According to Health and Safety Executives, stress is the adverse reaction, people have to face excessive pressure or other types of demands placed on them. Stress refers to the strain from the conflict between our external environment and us, leading to emotional and physical pressure (Shukla & Garg, 2013). Stress has been researched for decades, but its new dimensions are emerging day by day. Every occupation has some specific type of stress, occupations like teaching, management, business, banking, etc have their own types of stress. Same is for Mobile Telecom sector, that rendered services to the public, faces its own specific type of stress for employees and its stake holders. Job stress initiates when demands exceed abilities, while job related burnout are reactions or effects resulting from the occurrence of stress (Westman, 2010).Job stress is one of the major concerns of the business world. Job stress, if efficiently managed can boost any business as well as employee?s performance. There are many factors, which may cause job stress like environment, management style, leadership style, pay, promotion, etc. There is a wide range of research in this category of stress. In the current study, some relatively new aspects of job stress in the context of the Mobile Telecom sector in Pakistan have been evaluated like, disruptive innovation, technological change, lack of skill set and job uncertainty. Actually, everything that creates chaos can upset the routine and may cause physical and psychological threat is called stress (author?s conceptualization). It has many types, many levels, and many symptoms. It is a great threat to commitment and performance. When stress increases beyond the limit, it brings with itself major physical, psychological, and negative emotional symptoms like headache, frustration, anxiety and tiredness. It has appalling effects on human body like low energy level, muscle tension, heart diseases, chronic insomnia (Onciul, 1996). Same like, it has a significant effect on employee?s commitment towards the organization. Organizational commitment is about employees? perception and attachment regarding their organization (Gemmiti, 2008). It is employees? affiliation towards their organization. Committed employees constitute the best human capital of any organization and prove as a strategic asset (Beer, 2009). Organizations struggle hard to make the employees loyal, committed and strive to convert non-committed employees into committed employees. Among three dimensions of commitment, like affective, normative and continuous commitment, affective commitment has been discussed in this study.The normative commitment refers to the workforce?s mind-set of responsibility and obligation to continue the job with the organization while the continuance commitment can be defined as the costs that employees correlate with parting the organization (Allen & Meyer, 1990). Affective commitment is all about affiliation, attachment, loyalty and the positive reaction in all kinds of circumstances towards the organization (Alvi, Hanif, Adil, Ahmed, & Vveinhardt, 2014). It is a major concern for organizations to materialize the things, which make an employee committed and the things forbid an employee to be committed. A stressed employee is not a committed employee. Many researchers have proved it that occupational stress has a positive relation with organizational commitment (Jackson & Rothmann, 2006; Velnampy & SA, 2013). In conclusion, commitment is a combination of three factors like complete acceptance of values and goals on the part of employees, devoted efforts for the organization and desire to remain the member of the organization (Vakola & Nikolaou, 2005). Top management must incorporate the action plan to measure the stress symptoms among the employees for addressing the major anti commitment factors among employees. In this research, job stress along with stress symptoms (physical, emotional, behavioral and psychological) and their relationship with an affective organizational commitment of employees of the Mobile Telecom sector, will be explained. The statement of the problem is the impact of job stress on the organizational affective commitment of employees of the Mobile Telecom sector in Pakistan.
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