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مولانا عین القضاۃ

مولانا عین القضاۃ
(عبدالسلام ندوی)
موجودہ زمانہ میں جبکہ علمی اور عملی دونوں حیثیتوں سے تصوف کی صورت بالکل مسخ ہوچکی ہے، اس سلسلے کے مشہور بزرگ مولانا عین القضاۃ صاحب کی وفات مسلمانوں کے لیے ایک سخت قومی مصیبت ہے۔
مولانائے مرحوم، مولانا عبدالحئی صاحب کے فرنگی محلی کے ارشد تلامذہ میں تھے، وہ تحصیل علم سے فارغ ہونے کے بعد انھی کے زمانہ میں مصروف درس و تدریس ہوگئے تھے اس زمانہ میں انھوں نے درس نظامیہ کی مشہور و متداول کتاب یبذی پر ایک نہایت مبسوط حاشیہ بھی لکھا تھا، جس میں مولانا عبدالحئی صاحب کے طرز تحریر کی وضاحت اور جامعیت پائی جاتی ہے لیکن اس کے بعد حلقہ ارادت میں شامل ہوکر علم و عمل کا بہترین نمونہ بن گئے اور تمام عمر نہایت زہد و توکل کے ساتھ بسر کردی۔
ان کی زندگی ہمارے فقراء و صوفیہ کے لئے اس حیثیت سے نہایت سبق آموز ہے کہ انھوں نے یہ زاہدانہ طرز معاشرت فقروفاقہ سے مجبور ہوکر نہیں اختیار کیا تھا، بلکہ کئی ہزار روپیہ ماہوار کے صرف سے ایک عظیم لشان مدرسہ قرآنیہ جاری کررکھا تھا، اور اس کے مصارف وہ خود اپنی جیب خاص سے بالکل نامعلوم طریقہ پر ادا فرماتے تھے، اس کے علاوہ سال میں ایک بار تمام شہر کو عام دعوت دیتے تھے، جس کا سلسلہ صبح سے شام تک قائم رہتا تھا۔
اب بعض لوگوں نے ان کی سوانح عمری لکھنے کا ارادہ کیا ہے، اور ہمیں توقع ہے کہ یہ کتاب جلد سے جلد شائع ہوکر ہمارے فقراء اور صوفیہ کے لئے موجب بصیرت ہوگی۔ ( فروری ۱۹۲۵ء)

 

THE EFFECTS OF A PRAGMATIC SET OF INTERVENTIONS ON THE SHOULDER RANGE OF MOTION IN MALES AND FEMALES WITH SHOULDER PAIN: A CLINICAL TRIAL

Background and Aim: The effects of novel set of interventions are known but their effects with respect to gender are not known. This study aim to determine the effects of novel set of interventions on shoulder range of motion in males and females with shoulder pathology. Methodology: This study was of quasive experimental design. Thirty subjects of mean age (±SD) of 43. 23±10 years with shoulder pathology and restricted ROM were recruited. The major criteria for recruitment were 18-60 years of age. The general contraindications of manual therapy were the exclusion criteria. Shoulder functional movement and range of motion were the outcome measures.  Results: The mean % (SD) change for RUBB was 15.04±11.57for males and  14.49±10.44 for males. The change for RDBN was also significant (<0.00) from baseline and the % change in mean was 14.93±11.0 for males and 12.60±9.06 for females. The changes were well above the highly clinical meaningful difference (>0.8). It is further observed that the differences in gender were non-significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The pragmatic set of interventions affect both the genders equally and improve shoulder range of motion and functional movements.  However, the results must be interpreted cautiously because of the inadequate sample size.

Study of Magnetic Materials at Nano Scale

The miniaturization of memory devices like hard disks, random access memories and their read heads has made the detailed study of magnetic materials at nano scale imperative. The characteristics of magnetic material are highly sensitive to different growth conditions, temperature and nature of neigbouring material, as a result the magnetic characteristics may be tailored. In this research work single Ni thin films sandwiched between Cu buffer layer and Cu capping layer are grown on Si(001) substrates by resistive heating in an ultra high vacuum chamber at different substrate temperature .The temperatures of substrate chosen for this study are 300K (room temperature) and very low temperature, approximately 30K. These thin films are grown with different Ni thickness ranging from 1nm to 10nm. A comparison of physical and magnetic properties of Ni thin films is done with respect to Ni thickness as well as with respect to the substrate temperature. Multilayers of Ni thin films are also grown. These multilayers are grown on Si(111) with a Cu buffer layer, a Cu spacer layer between the Ni layers and a Cu capping layer. The multilayers are grown with different Ni thicknesses, ranging from 1nm to 3nm, and with different Cu spacer layer thickness, ranging from 10nm to 20nm. A comparison of physical and magnetic characterization is done with respect to Ni thickness and with respect to different Cu spacer thickness. It is found that the thickness of the Ni thin film as well as the temperature of the substrate affects the physical and magnetic properties of the Cu/Ni/Cu/Si(001) samples. The variation in grain size of samples with different Ni thickness and different substrate temperature, shows different trend. Grain size of samples grown at low substrate temperature is larger. The values of saturation magnetization of different Ni thickness samples, grown at room temperature of substrate, increases with increase in Ni thickness. In Cu/Ni/Cu/Ni/Cu/Si(111) multilayers with different Ni thicknesses indicate that the grain size is affected by the thickness of the Ni film. The value of saturation magnetization is almost the same for different Ni thicknesses. Grain size is affected in multilayers with different Cu spacer layers as well. The saturation magnetization is nearly constant for different spacer layers with same Ni thickness. A shift in the hysteresis loop is also observed in the positive direction for most of the multilayers.
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