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ایمان بالملائکہ

فرشتے اللہ کی نورانی مخلوق ہیں نہ مرد اور نہ عورت اللہ کی ذرہ برابر نا فرمانی نہیں کرتے۔

 ایمان بالکتب

ایمان بالکتب سے مراد اللہ کی بھیجے ہوئے نبیوں پر جو کتابیں نازل کی گئیں ان پر ایمان رکھنا۔جیسا کی انجیل حضرت عیسیء پر نازل ہوئی ۔زبور حضرت داؤدء پر نازل ہوئی۔توریت حضرت موسیٰ پر نازل ہوئی ۔اور قران مجید آخری نبی حضرت محمد مصطفئ پر نازل کی گئی۔

ایمان بالرسالت

ایمان بالرسالۃ کا مطلب ہے رسولوں پر ایمان لانا۔ اللہ رب العزت نے انسانیت کی ہدایت و رہنمائی کے لیے حضرت آدم علیہ السلام کی تخلیق سے ہی رسولوں اور نبیوں کا سلسلہ شروع فرمایا ہے، سب سے پہلے نبی حضرت آدم علیہ السلام تھے، اور سب سے آخری رسول محمد صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ہیں۔ اس دوران اللہ تعالی نے بے شمار انبیاء کرام مبعوث فرمائے، اور وہ سب انسانیت کو اللہ کی طرف بلاتے رہے۔ ایمان بالرسالۃ میں یہ بات بھی داخل ہے کہ گزشتہ انبیاء کرام پر ایمان رکھا جائے۔ ایمان بالرسالۃ کا اہم ترین جزو حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی ختم نبوت پر ایمان رکھنا بھی شامل ہے۔" [[1]]

قرآن مجید میں مختلف مقامات پر ایمانیات کے ضمن میں استفہامی آیات وارد ہوئیں ہیں جو کہ درج ذیل ہیں۔

(۱) اللہ تبارک وتعالیٰ سورة آل عمران میں ارشاد فرماتے ہیں:

"اِن يَّنصُركُمُ اللّٰهُ فَلَا غَالِبَ لَـكُم‌ وَاِن يَّخذُلكُم فَمَن ذَا الَّذِى يَنصُرُكُم مِّنۢ بَعدِهٖ ‌ وَعَلَى اللّٰهِ فَليَتَوَكَّلِ المُؤمِنُونَ "[[2]]

"اللہ تمہاری مدد پر ہو تو کوئی طاقت تم پر غالب آنے والی نہیں، اور وہ تمہیں چھوڑ دے ، تو اسکے بعد...

Innovation Models : Development Of Resources and Learning Materials

Education in the future expects changes in learning approaches that focus on individual abilities and prioritize students as the main subject (student centered). Facing the evolution of education during the COVID-19 pandemic and the direction towards Society 5.0, it is necessary to innovate in the development of learning resources and materials, bearing in mind the importance of learning resources and materials in the teaching and learning process. One of the innovative ways to develop learning resources and materials is through the application of the Quizizz-based development method. The hope is that with this approach, students' responses to Quizizz-based teaching materials and resources will be very positive, indicating strong support from students for using this approach in the learning process.

Production and Characterization of Biochar from Organic Waste and its Application for Bioremediation in Diesel Contaminated Soils

The pollution of the soil and water due to accidental/anthropogenic release of complex hydrocarbons has been a serious environmental problem all over the world.Current study focused on preparation of biochar from fruit and vegetable waste and sewage sludge and its application for bioremediation of diesel polluted soil. Biochar prepared was physio chemically characterized by pH, CEC, FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, surface area and pore analysis, proximate analysis, elemental analysis, nutrient analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Study was conducted at pilot scale. Both types of biochar was applied in diesel polluted soil in a pot experiment in combination with cow dung to evaluate their relative efficacy in bioremediation. Two set ups were run in parallel. In one set up amendments were applied on naturally contaminated soils while in second setup artificially contaminated soil was used. The diesel degradation was estimated by standard curve, FTIR and Gas chromatography.Physicochemical parameters like pH, EC, total carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium in soil were analyzed during treatment.Microbiological analysis was performed by CFU count and dehydrogenase activity. Soil microbial diversity was analyzed by Illumina 16S RNA sequencing. Analytical characterization of biochar depicted its crystalline nature with presence of carbon nanotubes and circular pores. Both types of biochar were aromatic, nutrient rich and thermostable materials. Higher percentage yield and ash content was obtained for sludge biochar while high fraction of fixed carbon was recorded in fruit/vegetable waste biochar. Fruit/vegetable waste biochar exhibited larger BET surface area of 52.50m2/g as compared to sludge biochar having surface area of 46.85m2/g. Results of diesel bioremediation studies showed that soil amended with biochar not only increased the soil pH, EC, nutrients and carbon content but also promoted the degradation of hydrocarbons. In Set up 1 diesel oil degradation efficiency recorded was up to 72.27±0.50% for fruit/vegetable waste biochar and 75.63±0.351% for sludge biochar. Highest removal efficiency was for SDN treatment with 82.86±0.60% following VDN treatment with removal capacity of 78.51±0.38%. In Set up 2 having artificially contaminated soil removal efficiency was recorded higher in both VDA and SDA with 76.23±0.42% and 73.24±0.21% while in treatments VA and SA it was 65.28±0.44% and 68.89±0.63% respectively. Highest microbial count and dehydrogenase activity was recorded in treatments having sludge biochar along with cow dung in both Set up 1 and in Set up 2. Microbial study of SDN treatment showing highest bioremediation efficiency indicated the presence of 27 different phyla with predominance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria contributing 29% and 19% to total bacterial community. Biochar amendment into soil to degrade hydrocarbons is very important consideration for research purposes and land applications as well. Another study was conducted with application of biochar for soil fertility and crop productivity purposes. In modern agriculture practices, application of biochar for improving soil fertility, plant growth and agriculture output is gaining great deal of attention. Both fruit/vegetable waste biochar and sludge biochar were applied separately and in combination to analyze their effect on wheat growth. Results proved that wheat growth and biomass production was highest at 0.5% concentration of biochar mixture while highest microbial count was observed with 1% sludge biochar. Promising wheat growth and shift in relative abundance of microbial community could be resulted from improvement in soil parameters such EC, total nitrogen and carbon along with phosphorous and potassium content. Our results conclude that the biochar amendment in soil at optimum level improve soil properties and stimulate soil microflora which in turn improves the agricultural performance of soil.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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