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ہم کہ زندانی ہیں جس کے پیار کے
ہم کہ زندانی ہیں جس کے پیار کے
چھیڑیے قصے نگاہِ یار کے
موت کی وادی ہے جلوہ حسن کا
عشق کے سب دائرے ہیں دار کے
آنکھ کے تیور، مَیں اُن کے کیا کہوں
دل جگر چھلنی ہیں اس تلوار کے
اُن سے دوری جان لیوا ہو گئی
قرب کے وعدے تھے مجھ سے یار کے
تم فضاؔ مجھ زیست کا سامان ہو
اولیں ہو آخریں بھی پیار کے
Polemic Views about the Source of Qur’ān in Medieval Christian Writings with a Reflection upon Contemporary Orientalists: A Critical Review
Before the advent of Islam, there was a strong tradition of polemic writings both among the Jews and the Christians to prove the errors of adversary. But, after the advent of Islam in general, and the conquering of Roman / Byzantine empire by the Muslims in the era of Righteous Califate in specific, due to embracing Islam by a large number of local populace, the flux of Christian polemic writing was directed towards Islam. A number of polemic writings surfaced as a resort to keep their religion alive. These writings tried to belittle all basic concepts, beliefs, and creeds of Islam, and even the personality of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), and the Holy Qur’ān. The contemporary orientalist polemic writers have claimed that there are several accounts originating from Jewish and Christian sources which tried to allegedly prove that the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was instructed by Jewish or Christian scholars in the composition of Holy Qur’ān, and to support this claim, they not only point out to certain Jewish or Christian sources, but have parroted their arguments as well, with the similar motives. With this, they have attempted to discredit Islam by raising doubts about the origin of Qur’ān. But despite of their efforts the fact remains firm that the Qur’ān has a Divine origin and was revealed by Allah Ta‘ālā unto Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). In this regard, the purpose of this article is to analyze the medieval polemic writings, their motives, and their rumination by the orientalists of the contemporary age. A critical approach is adopted in this analytical, and historical study, using published authentic data and literature including academic books, research papers, periodicals, dictionaries and reliable web sites also.Population Based Case-Control Asthma Association Studies of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Chromosome 17 Potential Genomic Regions
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 17q21 are known to be associated with asthma disease in multiple populations. This study was designed to know whether this region is associated with asthma in Lahore region population or not. A total of 200 asthma patients and 100 healthy controls were enrolled from different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Twenty five SNPs from chromosomal region 17q21 were selected for analysis in cases and controls by single base extension method and capillary based genetic analyzers. Associations with asthma were analyzed using basic allelic model, genotypic model and results were adjusted for various cofactors by logistic regression analysis using PLINK v1.9. Pair wise Linkage disequilibrium among the SNPs was analyzed and LD map from healthy controls was constructed using Haploview software. Five of the SNPs (rs3816470, rs1011082, rs6503525 rs11078928 and rs1008723) are suggestive of quite significant association with asthma under genotypic model. Five of the remaining SNPs (rs2290400, rs12603332, rs4065275, rs12603332and rs3894194) showed significant associations in the presence of cofactors like gender, smoke exposure in early years and urban or rural environment. Haplotype “TTGTACC” for rs11078928, rs2290400, rs1008723, rs7219923, rs4065275, rs12603332 and rs4795405, appears to be a significant risk factor for predisposition to asthma. The association of genomic region 17q21 with asthma in Lahori population is reported in this study.Journals by Discipline
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