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مولاناقاضی اطہر مبارکپوری

مولانا قاضی اطہر مبار کپوری
گذشتہ مہینہ سفر میں جب مولانا قاضی اطہر مبار کپوری کے انتقال کی خبر ملی تو بڑا دھکا لگا، مجھے ان کی تجہیز و تکفین میں شرکت سے محرومی کا ہمیشہ بہت ملال رہے گا۔
اعظم گڑھ کے متعدد علماء کو بین الاقوامی شہرت نصیب ہوئی خود مبارکپور کے جو اعظم گڑھ کا مشہور قصبہ اور علم و تعلیم اور صنعت و حرفت کا بڑا مرکز ہے، مولانا عبدالرحمن مبارکپوری صاحب تحفۃ الاحوذی اور مولانا عبیداﷲ رحمانی شارح مشکوٰۃ المصابیح کا آوازہ شہرت عالم اسلام میں بلند ہے، انہی لوگوں کی صف میں مولانا قاضی اطہر مبارکپوری نے بھی اپنی جگہ بنالی تھی، مگر افسوس کہ دست اجل نے انہیں ہم سے چھین لیا، یہ بڑا علمی سانحہ ہے اور قاضی صاحب کا خلا پر ہونا آسان نہیں۔
ان کی ولادت ۱۹۱۶؁ء میں ہوئی، ان کے نانا مولانا احمد حسین رسولپوری عربی زبان و ادب کے ماہر اور صاحب تصانیف کثیرہ تھے، قاضی صاحب نے ان کا عربی دیوان مرتب کر کے شائع کیا تھا، انہوں نے عرصہ دراز تک ڈھاکہ میں مسند درس کو رونق بخشی۔ انہی سے قاضی صاحب نے عربی کی ابتدائی کتابیں پڑھیں تھیں پھر مبارکپور کے مشہور مدرسہ جامعہ احیاء العلوم میں درسیات کی تکمیل کی اور جامعہ قاسمیہ مراد آباد میں مولانا فخرالدین، مولانا سید محمد میاں اور مولانا سید اسماعیل سنبھلی سے صحاح ستہ کا درس لیا۔
طالب علمی کے زمانے میں ان کو شعر و سخن سے دلچسپی تھی، اور خود بھی سخن فرماتے تھے، یہ تحریک آزادی کے شباب کا زمانہ تھا، قاضی صاحب کو سیاست اور ہنگامہ آرا قومی جدوجہد سے کبھی سرو کار نہیں رہا، تاہم آزادی کا جادو ہر شخص پر چل گیا تھا، قاضی صاحب بھی اس سے متاثر ہوئے بغیر نہیں رہ سکے، مبارکپور میں ہر قسم کے...

فقہی اختلافات کے مابین امام شعرانی اور شاہ ولی اللہ کے اسالیب تطبیق

In the Islamic Sharia there are two types of texts, as for the first one, there is no need for any interpretations. For instance: Tauhid (unity of Allah), while few interpretations have modiefied with the changing circumstances. The expertises of Islamic jurists highlight the interpretations of the text according to prevailing social and political environment which can create harmony between Islamic Sharia and importunity of nature. Imam Sharani and Shah Wali Ullah are those personalities who evaluated the intellectual efforts of Islamic jurists and describe their diligencial and margenial secondary level differences. They created a road of conformity between their minor level marginal differences which are legitimate. Imam Sharani and Shah Wali Ullah‘s methodologies of uniformity represent the facts that differences in the approaches of jurists, which are considered as segregation in the reality that is benevolence for Muslim Ummah. Their methodologies of uniformity are not only practical but also very useful in the context of global village. In this age ethical, social, and family problems can be solved through the method of uniformity. For the solution of issues like intellectual extremism, prejudice and terrorism, Imam Sharani and Shah Wali Ullah‘s methodologies of uniformity are beaconhouse.

Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil by Indigenous Bacteria in Association With Plant

Petroleum, the backbone of today''s mechanized society, now became a threat to environment due to extraction and transportation. Due to transportation accidental spills occur regularly all over the world. Such spills have also occurred at many locations throughout Pakistan over time. Petroleum and its products contain carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds and therefore contamination of soil from petroleum hydrocarbons is a serious problem. Efforts are now focused on seeking potential remediation techniques for cleanup of petroleum contaminated soils in a cost effective and eco-friendly way. Plant assisted bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil is getting attention as compared to the alone use of either microorganism or plant. The challenging task for such efforts to be successful is not only the survival of microorganisms upon their inoculation into xenobiotic environment but also microbe’s positives interaction with plants. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) having 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACC-deaminase) are considered to helpful for plants in stressed environment by reducing stress induced ethylene. Over three hundred bacterial isolates were cultured from collected petroleum contaminated soil samples. Bioremediation and ACCmetabolism assays screened out 27 from 301 bacterial isolates. These 27 bacterial isolates possessed medium to high bioremediation potential for PAHs and also high ACC deaminase activity. Compatibility of these 27 bacterial isolates with alfalfa, maize and canola was assayed in growth pouches and jar experiment under axenic conditions. Finally, on the basis of bioremediation, ACC-deaminase and plant growth promotion activity, 8 bacterial isolates were screened out. Plant -assisted bioremediation of artificially spiked coarse textured soil bearing 10,000 mg kg-1 (w/w) crude oil concentration was carried out both under controlled and ambient conditions of light and temperature. Also growth performance of inoculated plants was compared with uninoculated plants for each crop. After 60 days, results revealed that four bacterial isolates Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and other Bacillus sp. significantly degraded petroleum hydrocarbons. The most efficient was Bacillus subtilis which reduced TPH contamination 47%, 37% and 43% in combination with alfalfa, canola and maize, respectively. While the same bacterium when inoculated alone reduced 33% TPH contamination under controlled light and temperature while 31% under ambient light and temperature. Significant increase in growth attributes such as root length, shoot length and fresh biomass of all three crops was observed as compared to their corresponding un-inoculated plant control. Comparatively, alfalfa with respect to germination and growth in petroleum contaminated soil performed better as compared to maize and canola. Study can be concluded that use of bacteria possessed with dual traits of bioremediation potential and ACC-deaminase activity in combination with plant can be a good approach for remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil.
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