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دورِ حاضر میں فنی تعلیم کی ضرورت

دور حاضر میں فنی تعلیم کی ضرورت
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز سامعین اور میرے ہم مکتب شاہینو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’دور حاضر میںفنی تعلیم کی ضرورت‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
علم ایک نور ہے، علم ایک روشنی ہے، علم ایک دولت ہے، علم ہی سے گلشن ہستی کے گل وگلزار میں تازگی اور طراوت ہے، علم ہی سے میدانِ حیات و زیست میں شاہسواری کی جاتی ہے، علم ہی کی بدولت آسمانِ علم و دانش پر آفتاب و ماہتاب بن کر چمکتا ہے۔
صدرِ محترم!
علم نام ہے واقفیت کا، علم نام ہے ادراک کا ،علم نام ہے شعور اور قویٰ کو پروان چڑھانے کا، علم سے زندگی ہے، علم ہی بندگی کا انداز سکھاتا ہے ،علم ہی سے نشت و برخاست کا ڈھنگ آتاہے، علم ہی سے لغت حجازی کا فرہنگ بنتا ہے، علم ہی سے تہذیب و تمدن کی فضاء ہموار ہوتی ہے۔
معززصدر!
علم کی ضرورت ہر دور میں رہی ہے ،علم ہی کی بدولت آج ہم اپنی تاریخ سے باخبر ہیں، علم جو بھی ہو انسان کو انسانیت سکھاتا ہے، اگر علم نافع ہے تو صاحب علم کی قدریں بڑھ جاتی ہیں، اگر علم غیر نافع ہے تو صاحب علم اپنے آپ کو محفوظ و مامون رکھتا ہے۔
معززصدر!
علم جب عقل و شعور کو منور کر کے اپنی روشنی کی کرنیں خارجی طور پر ظاہر کرتا ہے، صاحب علم کے اعضاء سے اس کا اظہار ہوتاہے، ایک غنی کی شکل اختیار کرتا ہے۔ ایک ہنر کی صورت میں نظر آتا ہے۔ تو اس وقت اس کی اہمیت کو چار چاند لگ جاتے ہیں، معاشرے میں خوشحالی کے دروازوا ہو جاتے ہیں، غربت و افلاس کا خاتمہ...

روايات سيرت كى تحقيق كا حديثى معيار

Seerah is a separate Islamic science from Hadith as their primary sources are different. Although there are some extents where there is over laying between them, but traditionally Seerah has different principles as compared to Hadith. The Scholars of Hadith were very strict in applying their rules whereas the scholars of Seerah were more flexible. The reason is, when academics were dealing with Ahadiths and deducingdivine rulings, they wanted to make sure they were founding the rulings on Ahadiths that were authentic and sound. So that is why they applied very stringent rules to accept Ahadith. However, when it came to Seerah, they were more flexible in their rules, because they study this as history of The Prophet PBUH which does not touch the Sharia rulings. So, we find that writers of Seerah would accept narrations, they would not usually accept if they were dealing with Ahadith. This practice with Seerah narrations was followed by our early scholars. But recently, there is a new movement among some of our researchers that they wanted to apply the rules of Ahadith on Seerah. We do not agree this approach and in this article, we have had a humble effort to compile a set of rules for acceptance of Seerah narrations.

Impact of Theileriosis in Naturally Infected Cattle and Buffaloes

Tick born infections are most common problem in dairy animals of tropical region. This infection causes heavy economical losses in terms reduced milk yield and meet production. Keeping in view the economic importance of tick born infection i.e Theileriosis, present study was organized to resolve the consequences of Theileriosis on naturally infected cattle and buffaloes. The objective of the study was occurrence of disease and correlate exposure of ticks and tick-borne Theileriosis at the peri-urban and urban areas of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Data was collected from the selected farmers in study areas through survey questionnaire. Ticks and blood samples of 2400 buffaloes and 300 cows were collected from 20 dairy farms of urban and Peri-urban areas of Hyderabad, during November 2013 to October 2014. Ticks were identified on the basis of their physical characteristics. Thin blood smears were prepared and stained for identification of Theileria spp. DNA was extracted from blood samples of non infected (control) and infected cows and buffaloes. Extracted DNA was amplified by specific genes of Theileria spp. through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the Theilerial infection in both animal species. Microscopic examination of blood from suspected cows revealed 73 % and 76% prevalance of thielarial infection in urban and peri-urban areas respectively. Buffaloes showed 65% and 75% prevalnce in urban and peri-urban areas respectively. Overall prevlance of thielariosis in cows was higher i.e 75% than buffaloes which is 70%. Cows and bufflaoes in urabn areas showed less prevalance of Theilariosis than peri-urban areas. PCR results given overall infection rate in cows was calculated as 79% that is higher than that in buffaloes which is 76%. Comparative results indicated higher infection rate on PCR than by staining method. Analytical investigations of data revealed significant difference (P<0.05) between prevalance percentage between both species as well as between urban and perii-urban areas of Hyderabad. Identification of ticks indicated that Hyalomma antolicum anatolicum was the highly prevalent tick in both peri-urban and urban areas i.e. 44.32 %, and 44.57% respectively. High tick infestation in cows were in external genitalia, udder and perineum (45%) followed by dewlap (20%), inner thighs (15%).Where as in buffaloes external genitalia, udder and perineum (55%) followed by dewlap (23%). Clinical examination of infected cows indicted anorexia (88%), fever (87%), pale mucus membrane (75%) and enlargement of lymph nodes (47%). Whereas, infected buffaloes had anorexia 95%, fever (91%), pale mucous membrane (80%) and enlarged lymph nodes (49%). Nasal discharge, skin lesions and diarrhea were the minor signs in both species. Analysis of associated risk factors affecting prevalence of tick infestation and Theilerial infection in cows and buffaloes determined the type of house and housing, environmental conditions, gender and age of significantly affects on prevalence of theileriosis. Prevalence was high in semi-intensive house with kacha floor, during months of July to October in adult females. Complete Blood count investigations showed statistically a significant decrease in mean Hgb, PCV, MCH, RBCs, WBCs (P<0.001),whereas significant increase was noted LY count corpuscular volume (P<0.001). It was concluded from the current study that Haylomma anatolicum anatolicum is a vector of Theileria annulata. Load of vector tick and risk of infection is greatly influenced by housing system, climatic conditions. Sensitivity to infection also varies in male, female and also different age groups; adult females are more sensitive to tick infestation as compare to male and young animals. Molecular detection is more sensitive and specific method for detection of Theileria. Theilerial infection influences the blood, causing blood loss anemia resulting in ill health of cows and buffaloes. Chemical analysis of milk of infected cows and buffaloes revealed that protein, ash and lactose were significantly declined (P<0.05) whereas, fat and total solids were significantly increased (P<0.05) in Theileria infected cows and buffaloes, but pH and acidity was unaffected. Financial losses occur in terms of reduced quality and quantity of milk and meat. The total financial fall of RS- 0.17 million / animal was recorded in current study. Theileriosis is one of main causes of financial fall for livestock holders.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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