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اجتہادی غلطیاں

جتہادی غلطیاں
۲۱ جولائی سن ۱۹۶۰ کے مقدمہ رشیدہ بیگم بنام شہاب الدین میں مغربی پاکستان ہائی کورٹ کے ایک رکن فاضل جج محمد شفیع صاحب نے مذکورہ مقدمہ کے فیصلے میں تعدد ازواج کے مسئلے پر سورہ النساء کی آیت نمبر ۳’’ وَاِنْ خِفْتُمْ اِلَّاّ ۔۔۔۔ ثَلَاثَ وَرُبَاعًا ‘‘ کے تحت اجتہاد کیا اگرچہ حضانت اور سرقہ کے بارے میں بھی اجتہاد کیا لیکن ہمارا مضمون تعدد ازواج کے بارے میں ہے لہذا اسی کو زیر بحث لاتے ہیں ۔اور مولانا مودودی کے جوابات ان اجتہادی غلطیوں کے بارے میں پیش کرتے ہیں ۔
پہلی غلطی: تعجب ہے کہ فاضل جج کو اپنے ان دونوں فقروں میں تضاد کیوں نہ محسوس ہوا ۔ پہلے فقرے میں جو اصولی بات انہوں نے خود فرمائی اس کی رو سے زیر بحث آیت کا کوئی لفظ زائد از ضرورت یا بے معنی نہیں ہے ۔ اب دیکھئے ! آیت کے الفاظ صاف بتا رہے ہیں کہ اس کے مخاطب افراد مسلمین ہیں ۔ ان سے کہا جا رہا ہے کہ ’’ اگر تمہیں اندیشہ ہو کہ یتیموں کے معاملے میں تم انصاف نہ کر سکوگے تو جو عورتیں تمہیں پسند آئیں ان سے نکاح کر لو دو دو سے ، تین تین سے اور چار چار سے ، لیکن اگر تمہیں اندیشہ ہو کہ اگر نہ کر سکوگے تو ایک ہی سہی ۔۔۔‘‘ ظاہر ہے کہ عورتوں کو پسند کرنا ، ان سے نکاح کر نا اور اپنی بیویوں سے عدل کرنا یا نہ کرنا افراد کا کام ہے نہ کہ پوری قوم یا سوسائٹی کا۔ لہٰذا باقی تمام فقرے بھی جو بصیغہ جمع مخاطب ارشاد ہوئے ہیں ، ان کا خطاب بھی لا محالہ افراد ہی سے ماننا پڑے گا ۔ اسی طرح یہ پوری آیت اول سے لے کر آخر تک دراصل افراد کو ان کی انفرادی...

فتوی اور فتاوی الکاملیہ کا تعارف و اہمیت

From the very beginning Islam has given great importance to discipline. In every facet of life discipline has a role to play. Today when we delve deep in to our lives, we are amazed as to how it has always proved its worth. It has brought the tide of revolution in everyone's mind. Similarly, the element of discipline saves a society from disruption and instability. It infuses in life satisfaction and contentment. Contrarily, indiscipline and mismanagement give birth to dejection and dissatisfaction. Time management plays a vital role in the establishment of discipline in a society. Considering the vast importance of time management in the light of discipline, the following article throws a great deal of light on it in the Islamic perspective.

Identification of Il 28B Genetic Variations Associated With Virological Response of Interferon Therapy in Chronic Hcv Infected Patients

Among viral hepatitis, HCV is the second leading cause of hepatitis with approximately 3% carriers worldwide and 8-10 % carriers among Pakistani population. In the absence of any approved vaccine against HCV, the pegylated- interferon-alpha in combination with Ribavirin is the only standard regimen. The goal of this treatment is viral eradication to achieve sustained viral response (SVR) which means to decrease the viral titer to undetectable levels after treatment completion. However, the success rate is not hundred percent for this treatment (40- 50% for HCV genotype 1/ 4 and 75-80% for HCV genotype 2/3). Beside this fact, this treatment has several side effects that require either treatment modification or withdrawal. The present study was designed to find out the association of viral and host factors with the response of interferon treatment in chronic HCV patients of Pakistan. Two hundred CHC treatment-naïve patients from June 2011 to June 2013 were enrolled and treated with combination therapy of interferon plus ribavirin. Treatment response was analyzed by quantifying viral titer at specific interval of times during the treatment course and 6 months after treatment completion. Response rate was as followed; 81.1% patients attained Sustained virologic Response (SVR), 11.7% patients did not respond and in 7.2% patients’ virus was relapsed. It was observed that HCV genotype 3a is the most prevalent genotype followed by 1a while prevalence of mixed genotype is the least in Pakistan. Moreover, the success rate of treatment is higher in patients infected with HCV genotype 3a as compared to HCV genotype 1a. Quantification of viral load at 3rd month of treatment is valuable determinant of SVR and also helpful in tailoring the individualize treatment. As the SVR rate (93.3%) is higher in patients who achieved early viral response (EVR) as compared to those who failed to attain EVR (6.7%). It was observed that the success rate in female patients is more than male patients while rate of non-response is more in male patients than female. While no association of SVR with body mass index and age of patient was analyzed. Human genetic variations of IL28B SNPs (rs12979860, rs12980275, rs8099917, rs1181222) was identified and find out that the patients with CC genotype of SNP rs12979860 of IL28B are more likely to cure than patients with CT/TT genotype of SNP rs12979860. While the rate of NVR and relapse is higher in patients having GG genotype of SNP rs8099917. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed significant association of following factors with SVR; female gender (OR; 5.99, 95% C.I; 1.26-28.51, p= 0.024), HCV genotype 3a (OR; 9.33, 95% C.I; 1.94-44.95, p=0.005), 12 week response EVR (OR; 14.83, 95% C.I; 2.87-76.7, p=0.001) and CC genotype of SNP rs12979860 (OR; 6.39, 95% C.I; 1.18-34.7, p=0.032).
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